teoria de la arquitectura

















Evolución de la Teoría de la Arquitectura
Rodrigo Zepeda Noriega
142610
Índice:
a) Introducción (pg. 3)

b) Arquitectura Prehistórica- Época Paleolítica y Neolítica (pg. 3-4)

c) Primeras ciudades y edificios con propósitos (pg. 4)

d) Cultura Egipcia- Primeras construcciones masivas (pg.4-5)

e) Cultura Creto-Micenica- El comienzo de sistemas concolumnas y trabes (pg.5)

f) Cultura Griega- Teoría de la belleza (pg.5-6)

g) Arte Cristiano (pg. 7-8)

h) Arte Bizantino (pg. 9-10)

i) Arte Románico (pg. 10-11)

j) Arte Gótico (pg. 11-12)

k) León Battista Alberti (pg.13-16)

l) Conclusión (pg. 17)

m) Bibliografía (pg. 17-18)

n)
Introducción-
Architecture is the art and technique of being able to project and designbuildings, structures and spaces that can be seen and exist throughout the life of a human being. The objective of this science has changed through time. From starting as a mean of shelter and security, comfort and household it turned into a complete art, in where we can observe three basic principles that form the base of this discipline; they are beauty, steadiness and utility. In other words, we canunderstand now days, architecture as the balance between those elements.
As time passed by, we were able to look at all the changes suffered by this discipline throughout the ages, the basic principles changed, developed and suffered many different analysis and improvements. The first basic objective that architecture had was a place to have shelter and be protected from the wild. As the ages passedby, not only did it become an art, but it became a very selective art, which followed rules, norms and where only a few styles of architecture were pursued and accepted.
By definition, a theory is a logic system which is made up by observations and hypothesis, like predictions and rules that serve as an explanation to a group of data. When speaking about theories in architecture, one speaksabout the analysis that was made for many years of observations in the field and of the understanding and origin of every rule that was interpreted and made. In other words, the theories of architecture consist in the combination of all the knowledge that was applied by the architect in his work, including the design, the materials used and clearly the age in which this artist used to live in.
Forus to understand all the different theories that existed in this discipline, as the evolution that this art suffered through time, we have to analyze and look at every important and significant age, as well as the chronological advances that affected and influences the changes that were suffered by this area of study. We have to first understand the basis and the first interpretations of thisscience and each theory that was part of it.
Arquitectura Prehistórica- Época Paleolítica y Neolítica
Los primeros índices de arquitectura comenzaron en la prehistoria, en donde la raza que existía era la raza neandertal. Esta es la época Paleolítica, en donde no existía ningún índice de arquitectura, pero el ser humano ya buscaba refugio y algún tipo de seguridad. Se comienza el uso de cuevas, cercade fuentes de agua y posiblemente de comida. El ser humano apenas va desarrollando usos básicos, como el de herramientas y el descubrimiento del fuego. Aprenden a vivir en grupos, por su propia conveniencia en sentidos de seguridad y caza. Se descubren las primeras marcas de arte, de pintura en las paredes, lo cual se cree que se usaba como en algún pensamiento religioso, como para desear suertey mejoría a sus épocas de caza.
Finalmente, por cambios climáticos, se llega a la época Neolítica, en donde el primer uso de arquitectura se da a lugar, los conocidos monumentos Megalíticos. Monumentos creados por bloques de piedra, generalmente usados para tumbas, como el Dolmen, que era el más característico de esta época. Por primera vez existen los asentamientos, que eran grandes grupos de...