Teoria Ingles

Subject Pronouns
* We use subject pronouns at the beginning of the sentence, there are:
SINGULAR | PLURAL |
I | We |
You | You |
He / She / It | They |

Examples:
1.- I study English.
2.- Jordy lives in Quito.
3.- Susan wash the shoes.
4.- They play soccer.

Possessive Pronouns
* We use the Possessive Pronouns when we want to substitute a group of words that are indicating a possessionrelation.
SUBJECT | POSSESSIVE |
I | Mine |
You | Yours |
He | His |
She | Hers |
It | Its |
We | Ours |
You | Yours |
They | Theirs |

Examples:
1.- Let me your pencil, please.
2.- This is my book.
3.- She is his wife.
4.- You have ours ball.
Question Words
* We used at the beginning of a sentence.
* We use question words when we want to know specific information.
WORD | USE |What | Something |
Why | Reason |
Where | A Place |
Which | Animals / Things |
How | Condition / Quality |
Who | People |
Whose | Possession |
When | Time |

Examples:
1.- Who is he?
2.- What are you doing?
3.- Where was she born’
4.- When is your birthday?

Verb “To Be”
SUBJECT | TO BE |
I | Am |
You | Are |
He | Is |
She | Is |
It | Is |
We | Are |
You | Are |
They | Are |Positive sentence
1.- I am happy.
2.- She is a teacher.
3.- We are students.
4.- He is at home.

Negative sentences
1.- I am not lazy.
2.- They aren´t in the park.
3.- She isn´t pregnant.
4.- He isn´t crazy.

Yes / No Question

1. Are you happy? Yes, I am

2. Is she not a teacher? Yes, she is / No, she isn´t

3. Are we at home?Yes, we are / No, we aren´t

4. Is he my cousin? Yes, he is / No, he isn´t

Wh. Questions (for make this questions we use the auxiliary do.)

1. When do you visit your parents?

2. Which is your favorite color?

3. What is her favorite singer?

4. Who is your boyfriend?

Rules for Indefinite Article

* If at thebeginning of the word there is a vowel, we use the article “an”, the words that start with a vowel sound, like ‘honest’ or ‘honorable’, should have ‘an’ before them.

1.- an apple

2.- an egg

3.- an idea

4.- an hour
In words such as unique, university, unicycle or user, even though the first alphabet is a vowel, the sound produced is ‘you’. ‘Y’ is a consonant and hence words that sound like theystart with ’Y’, take the article ‘a’ before them.

Example:

1. A nurse

2. A coke

3. A trip

4. A banana


Rules for Definite Article

The goes with groups of island, name of oceans, name of rivers, mountain rangers, etc.
Example:
1.- The Galapagos islands are beautiful.
2.- The Unite States has touristic places.
3.- The Nile river is very long.
4.- TheHimalayas are very popular.

Rules for Plural Nouns

* For most nouns, just add -s

1.- Hand – hands

2.- Rabbit – rabbits

3.- Key – keys

4.- Door – doors

* For nouns ending in s, x, z, ch or sh, add -es

1.- Box – boxes

2.- Wish – wishes

3.- Boss – bosses
4.- Glass – glasses

* For some words ending in o, add -es

1. Potato – potatoes

2.Tomato – tomatoes

3. Hero – heroes

4. Banjo – banjoes

* For some words ending in f, change f to a v and add –es

1. Half – halves

2.- Leaf – leaves

3.- Shelf – shelves

4.- Wolf – wolves

* For common nouns that end with consonant + y, change the y to an i and then add -es

1. Poppy – poppies

2.- Fly – flies

3.- Spy – spies

4.-Nappy – nappies

* Some nouns are the same in both singular and plural from.

1.- Fish – fish

2.-Sheep – sheep

3.- Deer – deer

4.- Salmon – salmon

* For some nouns, change other letters or just change the word completely.

1. Person – people

2.- Child – children

3.- Mouse – mice

4.- Louse - lice

Demonstrative Adjectives

In English the demonstrative...