The Fifth Discipline

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In the long run, the only sustainable
source of competitive advantage is
your organization's ability to learn
faster than its competition.
F ounder and Director of the Center
f or Organizational Learning at MIT's
Sloan School of Management, which
boasts such members as Intel, Ford,
Herman Miller, and Harley Davidson,
author Peter M. Senge has found a meansof creating a "learning organization." In
THE FIFTH D I SC I P L I N E , he draws
the blueprints for an organization where
people expand their capacity to create
the results they truly desire, where new
and expansive patterns of thinking are
nurtured, where collective aspiration is set
free, and where people are continually
l earning how to learn together. THE
FIFTH DISCIPLINE fuses thesefeatures
into a coherent body of theory and
practice, making the whole of an
organization more effective than the sum
of its parts.
Company after company, from Intel to
AT&T to Procter & Gamble to Coopers
and Lybrand, have adopted the
disciplines of the learning organization to
rid themselves of the learning
"disabilities"
C O N T I N U E D ON B A C K

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THE

FIFTH
DISCIPLINE
T HE ART AND
PRACTICE
OF
T HE LEARNING
ORGANIZATION
P e t e r M. S e n g e

CURRENCY

DOUBIEDAY

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TO DIANE
For more information on Currency Doubleday's new ideas on business, please write:
Currency Doubleday
1540 Broadway—Eighteenth Floor
New York, New York 10036
A CURRENCYPAPERBACK
PUBLISHED BY DOUBLEDAY

a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc. 1540
Broadway, New York, New York 10036
CURRENCY and DOUBLEDAY
are trademarks of Doubleday,
a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell
Publishing Group, Inc.
The Fifth Discipline was originally published in hardcover by Currency Doubleday, a division of
Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., in 1990.BOOK DESIGN BY RICHARD ORIOLO

Permission to reprint Navajo sand painting given by the
Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian, Santa Fe,
New Mexico, Photography by Kay V. Weist.
The Library of Congress has cataloged the Currency hardcover edition as follows:
Senge, Peter M. The fifth discipline: the art and practice of
the learning organization/Peter M. Senge. — 1st ed.
p. cm.
"ACurrency book"—T.p. verso. 1. Organizational effectiveness.
2. Work groups. I. Title. II. Title: Learning organization.
HD58.9.S46 1994
6 58.4-dc20
90-2991
CIP
ISBN 0-385-26095-4 Copyright ©
1990 by Peter M. Senge
Introduction to the Paperback Edition and Some Tips for First-Time Readers copyright © 1994
by Peter M. Senge
All Rights Reserved Printed in
the United States of America

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CONTENTS

Introduction to the Paperback Edition
Some Tips for First-Time Readers

ix
xxi

PART
I
HOW OUR ACTIONS CREATE OUR
REALITY . . . AND HOW WE CAN
CHANGE IT
1 "Give Me a Lever Long Enough … and Single-Handed I Can Move
the World"
3
2 Does Your Organization Have a Learning Disability?
17
3 Prisoners of the System, or Prisoners of Our Own Thinking?
27PART
II
THE FIFTH DISCIPLINE: THE
CORNERSTONE OF THE LEARNING
ORGANIZATION
57
4 The Laws of the Fifth Discipline
68
5 A Shift of Mind
6 Nature's Templates: Identifying the Patterns
93
That Control Events
114
7 The Principle of Leverage
127
8 The Art of Seeing the Forest and the Trees

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PART
III
THE CORE DISCIPLINES: BUILDING
THE LEARNINGORGANIZATION
9
10
11
12

Personal Mastery
Mental Models
Shared Vision
Team Learning

139
174
205
233

PART
IV
PROTOTYPES
13
14
15
16
17
18

Openness
273
Localness
287
A Manager's Time
302
Ending the War Between Work and Family
306
Microworlds: The Technology of the Learning Organization 313
The Leader's New Work
339
PART
CODA

19 A Sixth Discipline?
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