Theories Of Personality

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THEORIES OF PERSONALITY |
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Definition of Personality | Unique pattern of thoughts, feelings and behavior of an individual that persist through time and situations |
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Theory | Definition | Author | Characteristics | Stages | Important data |
Psychodynamics:Relates the development of one’s personalitybased in the sexual desires and derived conflicts | The unconscious was very important in Freud’s thinking; he deeply believed that our sexual desires at an early age determined our future personality. | Sigmund Freud | Freud thought that personality was base on three structures the ID (Group of unconscious of sexual Desire impulses), EGO (the one who searches a realistic way of satisfying theimpulses), SUPEREGO (the moral guardian who is in charge of deciding whether the impulses are being satisfied under the right norms). The satisfaction of this sexual impulses is what according to Freud developed a person’s personality, the sexual desires where set into specific stations and changed according to the age, when the sexual desires weren’t satisfied correctly (either too much or a lack ofit) would mostly lead to the development of negative personality traits. | 1) Oral: The erotic sensations are fixed in the tongue, mouth and lips. 2) Anal: The erotic sensations are fixed in the anus and alimentation. 3) Phallic: Erotic sensations are fixed in the genitals. 4) Latency Period: kids are engages with those who are the same sex as them. 5) Genital Period: The sexualimpulses are reformed. | Various feminists have attacked Freud’s theory, questioning whether female and masculine personality development undergoes something similar. |
Psychodynamics:Relates the development of one’s personality based in the sexual desires and derived conflicts | Jung accepted the importance of the unconscious in the development of the personality but amplified the margin not onlygranting importance to the desires of the ID he saw the ID as a fuel for the ego. | Carl Jung |  Carl was convinced that the unconscious divided itself in 2 parts the personal unconscious (the repressed thoughts, forgotten experiences, the undeveloped ideas, that can only arrive consciousness if something exalts their memory) and the collective uncurious (the memories and manners from pastgenerations) all through the history of mankind humans collect more of this thoughts “archetypes”, he thought a lot of them could develop personality.Important archetypes include those of anima (female)and animus (male)According to Jung if a woman is showing violent behavior the cause is due to its male archetype.He divided people into 2 types introverted ( those who are reserved)and extroverted (those whoopen themselves towards the world) He also divided people into rational individuals (control their actions thru thinking)JUNG GIVES MORE IMPORTANCE TO SPIRITUAL AND RATION QUALITIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY |  His ideas wouldn’t be exactly divided into stages, but more like general personality traits such as extroverted and introverted and rational and irrational individuals.He alsothinks it’s a whole life process which is fully completed in late adulthood. |  Even though Jung talks about different types of general personalities it’s important to remark that and individual will not have a fixed one but rather a mix of both aspects where one will be the dominant. |
| | Alfred Adler | Father of the humanist psychology. Personality is developed by the intent of theindividual to get over his physical weaknesses. Human will try to get over feelings of weakness that can be real or imaginary Some people keep so many fixations on their feelings of weakness paralyzing. |   | Compensation.-effort of the person to get over a weakness. Complex of inferiority.- attention on the feelings of personal weakness which creates an emotional and social paralysis |
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