Tumor Benigno De Mama

Benign Breast Diseases: Classification, Diagnosis, and Management
1. Merih Guray and
2. Aysegul A. Sahin
+ Author Affiliations
1. University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
1. Aysegul Sahin, M.D., University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 85, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. Telephone: 713-794-1500; Fax: 713-745-5704;e-mail: asahin@mdandersom.org
* Received November 2, 2005.
* Accepted March 16, 2006.
Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to:
1. Discuss the clinical and histopathologic features of benign conditions of the breast.
2. Identify the risks of benign lesions in relation to developing subsequent breast cancer.
3. Describe the clinicopathologicfeatures of benign neoplasms.
Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA category 1 credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
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Abstract
Benign breast diseases constitute a heterogeneous group of lesions including developmental abnormalities, inflammatory lesions, epithelial and stromal proliferations, and neoplasms. In this review, common benign lesions are summarized andtheir relationship to the development of subsequent breast cancer is emphasized.
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Benign breast disease
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Developmental abnormalities
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Inflammatory lesions
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Fibrocystic changes* -------------------------------------------------
Benign
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Neoplasms
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Introduction
The vast majority of the lesions that occur in the breast are benign. Much concern is given to malignant lesions of the breast because breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women in Western countries; however, benignlesions of the breast are far more frequent than malignant ones [1–9]. With the use of mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging of the breast and the extensive use of needle biopsies, the diagnosis of a benign breast disease can be accomplished without surgery in the majority of patients. Because the majority of benign lesions are not associated with an increased risk for subsequentbreast cancer, unnecessary surgical procedures should be avoided. It is important for pathologists, radiologists, and oncologists to recognize benign lesions, both to distinguish them from in situ and invasive breast cancer and to assess a patient’s risk of developing breast cancer, so that the most appropriate treatment modality for each case can be established.
The term “benign breastdiseases” encompasses a heterogeneous group of lesions that may present a wide range of symptoms or may be detected as incidental microscopic findings. The incidence of benign breast lesions begins to rise during the second decade of life and peaks in the fourth and fifth decades, as opposed to malignant diseases, for which the incidence continues to increase after menopause, although at a less rapidpace [2–14].
In this review, the most frequently seen benign lesions of the breast are summarized as developmental abnormalities, inflammatory lesions, fibrocystic changes, stromal lesions, and neoplasms.
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Developmental Abnormalities
Ectopic breast (mammary heterotopia), which has been described as both supernumerary and aberrant breast tissue, is the most commoncongenital abnormality of the breast. Supernumerary breast tissue is seen mostly along the milk line; the most frequent sites are the chest wall, vulva, and axilla. It may vary in its components of nipple (polythelia), areola, and glandular tissue (polymastia). However, an anatomic location outside the milk line should not preclude a diagnosis of ectopic breast tissue, because there are many...