Aids

CONTENT

1. Introduction.
2. Objectives
* General.
* Specific.
3. Signs and symptoms.
* Acute phase
* Chronic phase
* Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
* Neurological
* Meningitis
* Encephalitis
* Tumors
* Retinitis
* Pulmonary
* Pneumocystis pneumonia
* Tuberculosis
* Gastrointestinal
* Esophagitis
* Diarrhea4. Neurological and psychiatric.
* Tumors.
5. Cause.
6. Transmission.
* Perinatal transmission.
* Blood products.
* Sexual transmission.
7. Prevention.
* Body fluid exposure.
* Sexual contact.
8. Conclusions.
9. Bibliography.

Introduction

AIDS

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of thehuman immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This condition progressively reduces the effectiveness of the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and tumors. HIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid,and breast milk. This transmission can involve anal, vaginal or oral sex, blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding or other exposure to one of the above bodily fluids.
AIDS is now a pandemic. Genetic research indicates that HIV originated in west-central Africa during the late nineteenth or early twentieth century.AIDS was first recognized by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1981 and its cause, HIV, identified in the early 1980’s.
Although treatments for AIDS and HIV can slow the course of the disease, there isn’t known cure or vaccine. Antiretroviral treatment reduces both the mortality and the morbidity of HIV infection, but these drugs are expensive and routine access toantiretroviral medication isn’t available in all countries.

Objectives

General
make known this disease as a disease not only kills but also q as a disease caused in most of the time because of lack of protection or the lack of information on the forms of protection.

Specific
- Give information about this disease.
- Make known some of the ways of transmission of this disease.
- Makeknown some ways to prevent transmission of this disease.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

HIV infection is classified into several stages, identified by a set of symptoms and clinical indicators. For its part, the immune system reacts to HIV positive for the virus to produce a response that can keep the infection under control temporarily, by the replacement of defensive cells. Atthe end of a period that can extend for several years, HIV becomes resistant to the body's natural defenses and destroys the immune system of the carrier. Thus, the HIV-positive is exposed to opportunistic diseases and dies.

Acute phase
The phase of acute HIV infection started at the time of transmission. The virus spreads through the body of the infected person through body fluids. In a few days, HIV multiplies inside the body tolevels characteristic of chronic infection.

Chronic phase
The reaction to the presence of the virus ends up wearing down the immune system. Without treatment most HIV carriers develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) within 5 to 10 years. The reason for this is that while the virus continues to reproduce itself so consistently and viral load increases in their host, alsodecreases the resilience of the immune system.

Acquired immunodeficiency síndrome

AIDS is the critical stage of HIV infection. At this stage of infection, HIV carrier has an immune system is probably unable to recover from the attack of HIV. Thus, the carrier of the virus is potential prey of many opportunistic infections that can lead to death. Pneumonia and tuberculosis are some of the most...