Apollo 11

Crew
Position | Astronaut |
Commander | Neil A. Armstrong |
Command Module Pilot | Michael Collins |
Lunar Module Pilot | Edwin "Buzz" E. Aldrin, Jr. |
Each crewman of Apollo 11 had made a spaceflight before this mission, making it only the second all-veteran crew (the other being Apollo 10) in human spaceflight history.[4]
Collins was originally slated to be the Command Module Pilot(CMP) on Apollo 8 but was removed when he required surgery on his back and was replaced by Jim Lovell, his backup for that flight. After Collins was medically cleared, he took what would have been Lovell's spot on Apollo 11; as a veteran of Apollo 8, Lovell was transferred to Apollo 11's backup crew, but promoted to backup commander.
Backup crew
Position | Astronaut |
Commander | James A.Lovell, Jr. |
Command Module Pilot | William A. Anders |
Lunar Module Pilot | Fred W. Haise, Jr. |
In early 1969, Bill Anders accepted a job with the National Space Council effective in August 1969 and announced his retirement as an astronaut. At that point Ken Mattingly was moved from the support crew into parallel training with Anders as backup Command Module Pilot in case Apollo 11 was delayedpast its intended July launch (at which point Anders would be unavailable if needed) and would later join Lovell's crew and ultimately be assigned as the original Apollo 13 CMP.[5]
Support crew
* Charlie Duke, Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM)
* Ronald Evans (CAPCOM)
* Owen K. Garriott (CAPCOM)
* Don L. Lind (CAPCOM)
* Ken Mattingly (CAPCOM)
* Bruce McCandless II (CAPCOM)* Harrison Schmitt (CAPCOM)
* Bill Pogue
* Jack Swigert
Flight directors
* Cliff Charlesworth (Green Team), launch and EVA
* Gene Kranz (White Team), lunar landing
* Glynn Lunney (Black Team), lunar ascent
Call signs

Boilerplate Columbia (Udvar-Hazy Center)

Eagle on the Moon
After the crew of Apollo 10 named their spacecraft Charlie Brown and Snoopy, assistant managerfor public affairs Julian Scheer wrote Manned Spacecraft Center director George M. Low to suggest the Apollo 11 crew be less flippant in naming their craft. During early mission planning, the names Snowcone and Haystack were used and put in the news release,[6] but the crew later decided to change them.
The command module was named Columbia after the Columbiad, the giant cannon shell"spacecraft" (coincidentally "launched" from Florida) by a giant cannon in Jules Verne's 1865 novel From the Earth to the Moon.[7] The name Columbia is also associated with the feminine personification of the United States used traditionally in song and poetry.
The lunar module was named Eagle for the national bird of the United States, the bald eagle, which is featured prominently on the mission insignia.Backup commander Jim Lovell recommended the name.[citation needed]
Insignia

Mission insignia
The Apollo 11 mission insignia was designed by Collins, who wanted a symbol for "peaceful lunar landing by the United States." He chose an eagle as the symbol, put an olive branch in its beak, and drew a lunar background with the Earth in the distance. NASA officials said the talons of the eaglelooked too "warlike" and after some discussion, the olive branch was moved to the claws. The crew decided the Roman numeral XI would not be understood in some nations and went with "Apollo 11;" they decided not to put their names on the patch, so it would "be representative of everyone who had worked toward a lunar landing."[8]
All colors are natural, with blue and gold borders around the patch. TheLM was named Eagle to match the insignia. When the Eisenhower dollar coin was released a few years later, the patch design provided the eagle for its reverse side.[9] The design was retained for the smaller Susan B. Anthony dollar which was unveiled in 1979, ten years after the Apollo 11 mission.[citation needed]
Mission highlights
Launch and lunar orbit injection

The Saturn V carrying...