Manual De Maquinas

A Health and Safety Guideline for Your Workplace

Machine Safety
Introduction

●

In Ontario today people are still becoming
injured, sick or killed as a result of hazards around
machinery and equipment in every industry.

Where you feed materials into the machine:
loading, cleaning.

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Where the machine cuts, turns, drills, shapes,
punches, or moves in any way: cleaning andmaintenance, trouble shooting and repair,
adjusting, setting up.

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At the gears, wheels, cylinders, belts, rollers,
chains, cables, sprockets, cams: cleaning and
maintenance, trouble shooting and repair,
adjusting, setting up.

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Around lift trucks and moving equipment.

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Around conveyors, elevators, and cranes.

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Around any machinery and equipment that can
release energyon you.

There are numerous potential hazards around
machinery and equipment.

Safety Hazards
●

Contact with Moving Parts

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Contact with Electricity, Heat, Fire, Cold,
Other Energies

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Contact with Pressurized Gas Or Liquid

Health Hazards
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Contact with Harmful Chemicals

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Contact with Harmful Noise, Radiation,
Vibration

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Lack of Adequate WorkplaceErgonomics:
handling and process design

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Harmful Actions to the Environment and
Community

Types of Machine Motion
The diagrams below show rotational motion
hazards with various machinery parts and
equipment: at pulley, drill, circular saw, rollers,
grinding wheel, lathe, shaft, router, milling, boring
machine, gear and chain, pulley and belt, nip
points, roller/gear in-running nips,etc.

Safety Hazards
Where?
●

At the controls: starting or stopping, set-up,
adjusting.

© Industrial Accident Prevention Association 2008. All rights reserved.

The diagrams below show reciprocating motion
hazards with various machinery parts and
equipment: at press, jig saw, drill press, cutters,
shears, stitching and sewing machines, guillotine
blades, shear action of cuttingdie, punch action of
press, power hammer, riveter, robotic arm, etc.

What Can happen?
These motions have different actions and can
therefore result in one or several types of injury.
Motion

Action

Rotating

Cutting/
Trapping
Back and
Impact/
Forth, Up and Struck by
Down
Straight Line Entanglement/
Pulled by

Type of Injury

Laceration/
Amputation
Fracture/
AmputationSprain/Strain
Fracture
Amputation

Contact with Electricity, Fire,
Heat, Cold, other Energies
Where?
You can contact electricity, heat, fire, or cold:
●

●

around chemical containers, vats, pipes,
pumps, and compressors

●

around cranes, hoists, other lifting devices

●

The diagrams below show transverse motion
hazards with various machinery parts and
equipment: at conveyorbelt, band saw, belt sander,
lift truck, robots, drill press, press, etc.

at power panels, electrical circuits, power lines,
ovens, and heating elements

during service and repair jobs

What can happen?
Without protective guards and devices on
machines, without following safe work procedures,
or having the right personal protection:
●

you could get hurt if you make contact with:electricity (e.g. faulty ground), flames, hot or
cold materials, and surfaces around machinery

●

you can suffer burns – and in some cases
freeze injuries – around welding, soldering
jobs, freezing equipment, electrical panels and
circuits, molten, baking, heating, steaming,
extruding, plating jobs

Machine Safety
© Industrial Accident Prevention Association 2008. All rights reserved.2

●

you can be burned or crushed if fuel catches
fire and chemical equipment explodes

●

you can get hurt if equipment or materials
fall due to uncontrolled gravitational or
mechanical energies, such as problems with
incorrectly slinging/rigging or lifting loads by
crane or hoist

Contact with Pressurized Gas
or Liquid
Where?
You can contact high pressure liquid or gas:...