Organizational psychology

ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
A SCIENTIST-PRACTITIONER APPROACH

Steve M. Jex

JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
A SCIENTIST-PRACTITIONER APPROACH

Steve M. Jex

JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

This book is printed on acid-free paper.

Copyright © 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, New York. All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada.No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriateper-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4744. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, (212) 850-6011, fax (212) 850-6008, E-Mail: PERMREQ@WILEY.COM. This publication is designed to provide accurate andauthoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If legal, accounting, medical, psychological or any other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed astrademarks. In all instances where John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital or all capital letters. Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information regarding trademarks and registration. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Jex, Steve M. Organizational psychology : a scientist-practitionerapproach / Steve M. Jex. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-471-37420-2 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Psychology, Industrial. I. Title. HF5548.8.J49 2002 158.7—dc21 2001046962 Printed in the United States of America. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Contents
Preface ix Organizational Socialization 62

CHAPTER 1
Introduction to Organizational Psychology What Is OrganizationalPsychology? 2 Organizational Psychology in Context The Scientist-Practitioner Approach Historical Influences in Organizational Psychology Recent Past and Beyond 16 The Chapter Sequence 17 Chapter Summary 18 Suggested Additional Readings 9 5 4 1

The Impact of Diversity on Organizational Socialization 82 Chapter Summary 84 Suggested Additional Readings 85

C HAPTER 4
Productive Behavior inOrganizations Defining Productive Behavior Special Issues in the Study of Job Performance 100 Organizational Citizenship Behavior 105 Innovation in Organizations 109 Chapter Summary 113 Suggested Additional Readings 114 21 88 87

18

CHAPTER 2
Research Methods and Statistics Methods of Data Collection 22 32

C HAPTER 5
Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Job Satisfaction 116 115Special Issues in Data Collection

Statistical Methods in Organizational Psychology 39 Special Issues in Statistical Analysis 45 Chapter Summary 52 Suggested Additional Readings 53

Organizational Commitment 133 Chapter Summary 142 Suggested Additional Readings 143

C HAPTER 6 CHAPTER 3
Attraction and Socialization The Recruitment Process: An Organizational Perspective The RecruitmentProcess: The Applicant’s Perspective 56 60 55 Counterproductive Behavior in Organizations Defining Counterproductive Behavior Ineffective Job Performance Employee Absenteeism Employee Turnover 154 160 147 146 145

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vi

Contents
Chapter Summary 264 Suggested Additional Readings

Less Common Forms of Counterproductive Behavior 168 Chapter Summary 175 Suggested Additional Readings 177...