Precio del gas natural

Name: Carlos Alfonso López Guerra.
Aide Canaviri Osco.
Gabriela Faby Cabrera Callisaya.

Career: English.

Level: “4 A”

Teacher: Franklin

Date: Thursday – July – 19th – 2012.

Racism
Definition
Racism is the belief that different characteristics in racial groups justify discrimination. Some sources emphasize that racism involves the belief that different racialgroups are characterized by intrinsic characteristics or abilities and that some such groups are therefore naturally superior to others, or follow practices that discriminate against members of particular racial groups, for example by perpetuating unequal access to resources between groups.
The definition of racism is controversial both because there is little scholarly agreement about what theword "race" means, and because there is also little agreement about what does and doesn't constitute discrimination. Some definitions would have it that any assumption that a person's behavior would be influenced by their racial categorization is racist, regardless of how seemingly benign such assumptions might be. Other definitions would only include conscious malignant forms of discrimination.Among the questions about how to define racism are the question of whether to include forms of discrimination that are unintentional, such as making assumptions about preferences or abilities of others based on racial stereotypes, whether to include institutionalized forms of discrimination such as the circulation of racial stereotypes through the media and whether to include the socio-politicaldynamics of social stratification that sometimes have a racial component.
"Racism" and "racial discrimination" are often used to describe discrimination on an ethnic or cultural basis, independent of whether these differences are described as racial. According to the United Nations conventions, there is no distinction between the terms racial discrimination and ethnicity discrimination.
Inpolitics, racism is commonly located on the far right due to the far right’s common association with nativism, racism, and xenophobia. In history, racism has been a major part of the political and ideological underpinning of genocides such as the holocaust, but also in colonial contexts such as the rubber booms in South America and the Congo, and in the European conquest of the Americas andcolonization of Africa, Asia and Australia. It was also a driving force behind the transatlantic slave trade, and behind states based on racial segregation such as the USA in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and South Africa under apartheid. Practices and ideologies of racism are universally condemned by the United Nations in the Declaration of Human Rights.
the term "racial discrimination"shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction, or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin that has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life.
Types
Racial discriminationRacial discrimination refers to the separation of people through a process of social division into categories not necessarily related to races for purposes of differential treatment. Racial segregation policies may formalize it, but it is also often exerted without being legalized.
Institutional
Institutional racism (also known as structural racism, state racism or systemic racism) is racialdiscrimination by governments, corporations, religions, or educational institutions or other large organizations with the power to influence the lives of many individuals.
Economic

Different rates of compensation for the same ability or output, based on factors such as the worker's age, ethnicity, race, religion, or sex.
Historical economic or social disparity is alleged to be a form of...