Robots

Juan De la Cruz Pardo
Mr. Briano Murillo
English IV
31 May 2012
Industrial Robots
The technology joined with science has developed devices to make easy the lives of the people. In homes, industries, hospitals and in other areas we use modern equipment and they are very widely used in communication, production and in other things that we need to live well. In the last years, many of theemployers have been replaced by robots to make dangerous jobs. This could cause many people were laid off, but they risk their lives performing dangerous jobs. Industrial robots are programed in order to perform their job. In the last decades, the industrial robots have been useful in the industries to make dangerous work.
I. Background
A. What is an industrial robot?
“An industrial robot isdefined by ISO as an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more axes.” (Industrial robot) This wants to tell us that robots, which are used in industries, are programed to perform the work in more than three axes (x, y and z). “Typical applications of robots include welding, painting, assembly, pick and place (such as packaging, palletizing andSMT), product inspection, and testing; all accomplished with high endurance, speed, and precision.”(Industrial robot) Robots have also been created to perform their job in a perfect way. They cut, weld, paint, suit, etc. precisely without affecting the product or people. The moves of these robots are programed to make efficient, so if the programing is correct no movement will affect to others.
1.Kinds of robots
“There are six main types of industrial robots: Cartesian, SCARA, cylindrical, delta, polar and vertically articulated.”(Robot types)
Cartesian – They are also called rectilinear or gantry robots. They have three linear joints that use the Cartesian coordinate system (X, Y, and Z), of course, there could be more axes. Also, they could have a wrist that allows therotational movement. (Robot types)
“SCARA - Commonly used in assembly application, this selectively compliant arm for robotic assembly is primarily cylindrical in design. It features two parallel joints that provide compliance in one selected plane.” (Robot types)
“Cylindrical - The robot has at least one rotary joint at the base and at least one prismatic joint to connect the links. Therotary joint uses a rotational motion along the joint axis, while the prismatic joint moves in a linear motion. Cylindrical robots operate within a cylindrical-shaped work envelope” (Robot types)
"Delta - These spider-like robots are built from jointed parallelograms connected to a common base. The parallelograms move a single EOAT in a dome-shaped work area. Heavily used in the food,pharmaceutical, and electronic industries, this robot configuration is capable of delicate, precise movement.” (Robot types)
“Polar - Also called spherical robots, in this configuration the arm is connected to the base with a twisting joint and a combination of two rotary joints and one linear joint. The axes form a polar coordinate system and create a spherical-shaped work envelope.” (Robot types)Articulated - This robot design features rotary joints and can range from simple two joint structures to 10 or more joints. The arm is connected to the base with a twisting joint. The links in the arm are connected by rotary joints. Each joint is called an axis and provides an additional degree of freedom, or range of motion. Industrial robots commonly have four or six axes. (Robot types)
B.The first robots working in an industry
“George Charles Devol, Jr. (February 20, 1912 – August 11, 2011) was an American inventor who was awarded the patent for Unimate, the first industrial robot” (George Devol)
Unimate was the first industrial robot programed by Devol in the 1950’s . It worked on a General Motors assembly line at the Inland Fisher Guide Plant in Ewing Township, New...