Soap Production

SOAP PRODUNTION

What was observed during the procedure of production of soap was mainly the reaction between caustic lye with water, and which became an acid upon the contact between them.
The procedure followed was first two of the team members starting incorporating the caustic lye to the distilled water, at the same time the other members of the team were mixing the oils in a pot andheating them until they were completely melted. After this we added carefully the solution of caustic lye and the distilled water, while we were adding it, we also blend it so the final result was a homogeneous mixture. We wait a few seconds and we started adding the scent to the homogeneous mixture and we blend it again. We put the new mixture into the mold and waited until it was completely dry.We did this procedure twice, because the first time that we try to make the soap, we added more coconut oil than olive oil, and when we added the caustic lye it started to bubble and the final product was not the expected. The second time that we did it, we added more olive oil than coconut oil, and this time the mixture was homogeneous and we could make the soaps.
The effects of using homemadesoap are basically that people can choose what kind of soap they are going to use, and be completely sure that it does not contains any chemicals that can damage their skin. By elaborating our own soap we contribute to ecology, because the plastics were the soap its sold will be reduced, so the pollution will decrease, also because by reducing the purchase of soap we also reduce its production, andless animals will be used for testing new products. Our society will be more aware about the ecological effects of using soap, and also to make people consider making their own soaps.

Analysis Questions
Look up the different methods to get soap. Which soap method was used in the project? Explain the reason and the difference between the other ones.

Why you must cure your soap?
The soapmust be cured because the lye is caustic and if it is not cured, when it converts into complete soap, it will burn the skin. 

Once the soap is obtained, why it is recommended to proved the PH of your soap? Which PH level is the best?
The pH of homemade soap is an important indicator that the soap is safe to use, if it is not in the scale it should be, the soap will burn the skin. Therefore thesoap must have a pH between 7-10. 

When does saponification reaction take place during the process?
Slowly a chemical reaction called saponification would take place between the fat and the hydroxide, the lye, which resulted in a liquid soap.  When the fat and water no longer separated, the mixture was allowed to cool.  At this point sodium chloride was added to separate the soap from theexcess water. 
There exists other principal reactant to produce soap, which are its benefits? Does it have any implication? Yes or No, and explain the reason.
Potassium hydroxide Soaps prepared from potassium hydroxide tend to exhibit greater solubility and are commonly referred to as “soft” soaps. The benefit of using potassium hydroxide as reactant is that the soap will b ton quantities,potassium hydroxide is about three times more expensive than sodium hydroxide.
There exist some other products like soap, which are them? Are those better than soap? Which are its environmental implications? What it is better to use to preserve the nature?
Natural products can be used instead of soap, as lemon and baking soda scrub can be used on the body as well with a stiff body brush. Anotheralternative is to grind up oats into flour and milk with lemon. Soap its been linked to cancer in lab animals and it is one of the factors that leads to environmental risks and pollution, a 2006 study states: “Soap is a relatively harsh and drying surfactant. Soap-based wash products often dry and irritate the skin, leading to erythematic and itchiness, which together often exacerbate the...