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Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC)

Is a non-commercial middleware system for volunteer and grid computing. It was originally developed to support the SETI@home project before it became useful as a platform for other distributed applications in areas as diverse as mathematics, medicine, molecular biology, climatology, and astrophysics. The intent of BOINC is to make itpossible for researchers to tap into the enormous processing power of personal computers around the world.

BOINC has been developed by a team based at the Space Sciences Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley led by David Anderson, who also leads SETI@home. As a "quasi-supercomputing" platform, BOINC has about 527,880 active computers (hosts) worldwide processing on average5.549 petaFLOPS as of March 2011, which tops the processing power of the current fastest supercomputer system (China's Tianhe-I, with a sustained processing rate of 2.566 PFLOPS).[ BOINC is funded by the National Science Foundation through awards SCI/0221529, SCI/0438443 and SCI/0721124.

The framework is supported by various operating systems, including Microsoft Windows and various Unix-like systemsincluding Mac OS X, Linux and FreeBSD. BOINC is free software which is released under the GNU Lesser General Public License.
BOINC was originally developed to manage the SETI@home project.
The original SETI client was a non-BOINC software exclusively for SETI@home. As one of the first volunteer grid computing projects, it was not designed with a high level of security. Some participants in theproject attempted to cheat the project to gain "credits", while some others submitted entirely falsified work. BOINC was designed, in part, to combat these security breaches.
The BOINC project started in February 2002 and the first version was released on 10 April 2002. The first BOINC-based project was Predictor@home launched on 9 June 2004.

Why is volunteer computing important?

It'simportant for several reasons:
* Because of the huge number (> 1 billion) of PCs in the world, volunteer computing supplies more computing power to science than does any other type of computing. This computing power enables scientific research that could not be done otherwise. This advantage will increase over time, because the laws of economics dictate that consumer products such as PCs andgame consoles will advance faster than more specialized products, and that there will be more of them.
* Volunteer computing power can't be bought; it must be earned. A research project that has limited funding but large public appeal can get huge computing power. In contrast, traditional supercomputers are extremely expensive, and are available only for applications that can afford them (forexample, nuclear weapon design and espionage).
* Volunteer computing encourages public interest in science, and provides the public with voice in determining the directions of scientific research.

BOINC is designed to be a free structure for anyone wishing to start a volunteer computing project. Most BOINC projects are nonprofit and rely heavily, if not completely, on volunteers.
Inessence BOINC is software that can use the unused CPU and GPU cycles on a computer to do scientific computing—what one individual doesn't use of his/her computer, BOINC uses. In late 2008, BOINC's official website[9] announced that NVIDIA (a leading GPU manufacturer) had developed a system called CUDA that uses GPUs for scientific computing. With NVIDIA's assistance, some BOINC-based projects(e.g., SETI@home, Milkyway@home) now have applications that run on NVIDIA GPUs using CUDA. Beginning in October 2009, BOINC added support for the ATI/AMD family of GPUs also. These applications run from 2X to 10X faster than the former CPU-only versions.
BOINC consists of a server system and client software that communicate with each other to distribute, process, and return workunits.

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