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Publicado: 8 de agosto de 2011
Anime
The history of anime begins at the start of the 20th century, when Japanese filmmakers experimented with the animation techniques that were being explored in the West. During the 1970s, anime developed further, separating itself from its Western roots, and developing unique genres such as the mecha genre and its Super Robot subgenre. Notable shows in this period include Lupin III andMazinger Z. During this period several filmmakers became famous, especially Hayao Miyazaki and Mamoru Oshii.
Unlike America, where live-action shows and movies have generous budgets, the live-action industry in Japan is a small market and suffered from budgeting and location restrictions. The varied use of animation allowed artists to create settings that did not look like anything at all.
In the1980s, anime was accepted in the mainstream in Japan, and experienced a boom in production. The rise of the Gundam and Macross Real Robot space opera franchises and the beginnings of Rumiko Takahashi's career began in this decade. The cyberpunk film Akira set records in 1988 for the production costs of an anime film and went on to become a cult success worldwide (later in 2004, the same creatorsproduced Steamboy, the most expensive anime film). The Super Dimension Fortress Macross also became a worldwide success after being adapted as part of Robotech, and Megazone 23 also gained recognition in the West after it was adapted as Robotech: The Movie.
In the 1990s and 2000s, anime series such as Dragon Ball, Pokémon, Sailor Moon and the postcyberpunk film Ghost in the Shell became worldwidesuccesses, while other anime series such as Gundam, Macross, Neon Genesis Evangelion and Cowboy Bebop were popular in Japan and attracted attention from the West A number of anime-influenced animations have been produced in the West, and the growth of the internet also led to the rise of fansubbed anime. Spirited Away shared the first prize at the 2002 Berlin Film Festival and won the AcademyAward for Best Animated Feature in 2003, while Innocence: Ghost in the Shell was featured at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival.
TYPE OF ANIMES
Anime Doujinshi
Doujinshi is essentially manga created by fans for fans. Typical doujinshi features characters from popular anime, manga or video games reinterpreted as humorous, romantic or even erotic manga artwork or stories.
For example, shonen mangatitles with straight male characters such as Bleach or Slam Dunk are drawn as yaoi / boys love romantic/erotic stories.
Other doujinshi may be prequels, sequels or embellishments on incidents or minor characters from popular manga or anime series such as Neon Genesis Evangelion, Naruto or Trigun. There are also doujinshi that feature original stories and characters, much like independent or smallpress comics in the U.S. and Europe.
The Japanese publishing industry recognizes the popularity of doujinshi and often looks the other way rather than pursuing copyright infringement enforcement against fan-created manga.
In fact, many doujinshi creators get discovered and move on to mainstream manga careers with major publishers as a result of their fan-creations. CLAMP (Tsubasa, Card CaptorSakura) and Sekihiku Inui (Comic Party, Murder Princess) are two examples of creators who've gotten their start as doujinshi artists.
Doujinshi are often created by "circles" or groups of creators and are sold at events such as the twice-yearly Comic Market (Comiket) in Tokyo, via fans' web sites or at manga shops. Many doujinshi are created in limited, short print-runs so doujinshi by popularcreators often become coveted collector's items.
Anime Gekiga
Gekiga (劇画?) is Japanese for "dramatic pictures." The term was coined by Yoshihiro Tatsumi and adopted by other more serious Japanese cartoonists who did not want their trade to be known as manga or "irresponsible pictures." It's akin to Will Eisner who started calling his comics "graphic novels" as opposed to "comic books" for the...
The history of anime begins at the start of the 20th century, when Japanese filmmakers experimented with the animation techniques that were being explored in the West. During the 1970s, anime developed further, separating itself from its Western roots, and developing unique genres such as the mecha genre and its Super Robot subgenre. Notable shows in this period include Lupin III andMazinger Z. During this period several filmmakers became famous, especially Hayao Miyazaki and Mamoru Oshii.
Unlike America, where live-action shows and movies have generous budgets, the live-action industry in Japan is a small market and suffered from budgeting and location restrictions. The varied use of animation allowed artists to create settings that did not look like anything at all.
In the1980s, anime was accepted in the mainstream in Japan, and experienced a boom in production. The rise of the Gundam and Macross Real Robot space opera franchises and the beginnings of Rumiko Takahashi's career began in this decade. The cyberpunk film Akira set records in 1988 for the production costs of an anime film and went on to become a cult success worldwide (later in 2004, the same creatorsproduced Steamboy, the most expensive anime film). The Super Dimension Fortress Macross also became a worldwide success after being adapted as part of Robotech, and Megazone 23 also gained recognition in the West after it was adapted as Robotech: The Movie.
In the 1990s and 2000s, anime series such as Dragon Ball, Pokémon, Sailor Moon and the postcyberpunk film Ghost in the Shell became worldwidesuccesses, while other anime series such as Gundam, Macross, Neon Genesis Evangelion and Cowboy Bebop were popular in Japan and attracted attention from the West A number of anime-influenced animations have been produced in the West, and the growth of the internet also led to the rise of fansubbed anime. Spirited Away shared the first prize at the 2002 Berlin Film Festival and won the AcademyAward for Best Animated Feature in 2003, while Innocence: Ghost in the Shell was featured at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival.
TYPE OF ANIMES
Anime Doujinshi
Doujinshi is essentially manga created by fans for fans. Typical doujinshi features characters from popular anime, manga or video games reinterpreted as humorous, romantic or even erotic manga artwork or stories.
For example, shonen mangatitles with straight male characters such as Bleach or Slam Dunk are drawn as yaoi / boys love romantic/erotic stories.
Other doujinshi may be prequels, sequels or embellishments on incidents or minor characters from popular manga or anime series such as Neon Genesis Evangelion, Naruto or Trigun. There are also doujinshi that feature original stories and characters, much like independent or smallpress comics in the U.S. and Europe.
The Japanese publishing industry recognizes the popularity of doujinshi and often looks the other way rather than pursuing copyright infringement enforcement against fan-created manga.
In fact, many doujinshi creators get discovered and move on to mainstream manga careers with major publishers as a result of their fan-creations. CLAMP (Tsubasa, Card CaptorSakura) and Sekihiku Inui (Comic Party, Murder Princess) are two examples of creators who've gotten their start as doujinshi artists.
Doujinshi are often created by "circles" or groups of creators and are sold at events such as the twice-yearly Comic Market (Comiket) in Tokyo, via fans' web sites or at manga shops. Many doujinshi are created in limited, short print-runs so doujinshi by popularcreators often become coveted collector's items.
Anime Gekiga
Gekiga (劇画?) is Japanese for "dramatic pictures." The term was coined by Yoshihiro Tatsumi and adopted by other more serious Japanese cartoonists who did not want their trade to be known as manga or "irresponsible pictures." It's akin to Will Eisner who started calling his comics "graphic novels" as opposed to "comic books" for the...
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