Aviones

Aviation Motors: Which is More Efficient, Turboprop or Jet Engine?
Orlando Peña
English 11-36
Mrs. M. Cruz
Colegio San Carlos
April 14, 2011









Table of Contents



























Acknowledgement
This work was extremely complicated because it requires a very strict format. Thanks to Carmen A.Acevedo, Mabel Cruz, and my parents, I was able to complete it on time.





















Dedicatory
I dedicate this monograph to the pioneers of modern aviation, the Wright Brothers. Without them, anything related to aviation would not exist.










AbstractIntroduction

Humans have always dream of flying, in order to accomplish many things. Early inventors looked at birds and flying insects for inspiration. The development of mechanical flight comes from the earliest attempts in kites and gliders to power heavier-than-air, supersonic and spaceflights. The earliest known record of kite flying is from around 200 BC in China.One of the most important flights occurred in December 17, 1903, when Orville and Wilbur Wright put to work four years of intense research and design efforts with a 120-foot, twelve-second flight at Kitty Hawk, N.C. This was the first powered flight inn a heavier than air machine or airplane.
The Wright brothers revolutionized the world of aviation by using a simpleengine with a propeller on one of their prototypes. Later throughout history almost every airplane had an engine in order to create power so it could fly forward and for longer distances.
Each airplane is giving a specific engine according to the specification and uses it is going to have. Airplane engines have evolved many times and will still keep throughout the future by improving itscapabilities like speed, and efficiency.
The three most common airplane engines used by modern aircrafts are the Jet, Piston, and Turboprop engines.




Aviation Motors: Which is More Efficient, Turboprop or Jet Engine?

The two common aircraft engines are the Turboprop and the Jet engine.
What is a Turboprop engine?
A turboprop engine is a simple gas turbine engine. A gas turbineengine can be divided into three sections, a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine. In the aircraft turboprop the air enters through the front of the engine and is compressed before being mixed with fuel and ignited. The energy released from the ignition drives the turbines behind the compression chamber (See Appendix A). These turbines power the propeller which moves the aircraftforward.
The exhaust gases leave through the rear of the engine, and this produces additional thrust, but a small amount compared to the propellers. The exhaust is responsible for about ten percent of the thrust produced by the engine; the rest is due to the propeller.
What type of planes use Turboprop engines?
The Turboprop engines are used by small low speed aircraft like cargo, transport,and by commuter aircrafts. They are not suitable for high-speed because the propellers lose efficiency. These engines are very efficient at low altitudes and slow speeds. Airline companies are changing to turboprop engines because “…airline is probably saving 30% as a result of fuel efficiency and higher seating capacity.” (Grover, 2008)
Some turboprop planes are the Lockheed L-188 Electra (SeeAppendix B), Tupolev Tu-9, Airbus A400M and many others.
How does a Jet Engine Work?
Jet engines work similar to a Turboprop engine. Jet engines are also called gas turbines. The engine sucks air in at the front with a fan. A compressor raises the pressure of the air. The compressor is made up of many blades and attached to a shaft. The blades compress the air. The compressed air is then...