Capitalist Economic Development. Spanish Case

After the 2nd World War and the difficulties of the interwar period, the market economy reached a high apogee having a characteristics basic strokes.
During this stage can distinguish two distinct moments:
1945-1973: A large number of people increase their standard of living due to the strong expansion and steady growth.
1973-to this day: During this period they happen a number of times ofrecessions and economic crises.
 General characteristics:
Technical innovations and automation; These types of innovations are taking place constantly and affecting everyone, but where is most noticeable in the field of computing. Another sector which also note the development of computing is in the factories, with the introduction of robots in assembly lines, resulting in a high number ofunemployed and more production.
Oil as a basic raw material, with the progressive use of oil and natural gas begin to build hydroelectric dams.
At first the U.S. was the only country that had oil supplies, but little by little, and especially from the 50 other countries are added which include the Middle East. In 1960 the producing countries, with most of them Arabs, organized a cartel: Organization ofPetroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in order to control including marketing. Later appears nuclear and alternative energy.
Generalization of production and mass consumption; Due to the high number of jobs, assembly line, etc.., Begin to expand the department stores or shopping malls and credit cards arise leading to easy access to products manufactured.
Increases in services sector; Graduallythe woman was entering the workforce and the service sector or tertiary, began to increase gradually, leading to a decrease in the other two sectors. On the other hand also enhances the rural exodus and migration for employment in the cities and countryside.
Business concentration and dominance of multinational corporate concentration is formed by companies that manufacture all kinds of productsto all sectors and are also the companies that control the market. The only drawback to corporate concentration is that almost all companies are American.
State intervention and welfare state; From this point we must emphasize the social market economy, which is none other than a market economy with free competition
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with a control by the state, based on the ideas of Keynes and influenced bythe thinking socialist. On the other hand we must stress the welfare state, since it is the State itself that covers some of the social services.
Inter-capitalist economic structuring large economic areas; There are two types of coordination of the state's economy:
First the free trade zones. They are areas that are formed by countries that eliminate all tariffs and customs payments to eachother. Is important the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
And secondly Customs Unions. Are unions that are phasing out the tariffs and trade barriers between Member States, and giving rise to a single common tariff for all countries of the union against third countries. Is important the European Union.
Reconstruction and economic expansion (1945-1973)
During the World War II, the Allies werecreating a new basis for power politics and rebuild the economy after it ended the conflict and came to peace.
Regarding the economic problem had to be taken into account two aspects: the destruction and dismantling of weapons and commercial and financial problems.
In 1945 he created a series of agreements in the town of Bretton Woods (USA), known as the Bretton Woods system in order tofacilitate international transactions and assist countries affected by war. These agreements also set a monetary system of fixed lines, based on convertibility into gold of money, leading to the dollar gets to become global payment method since Americans were the only ones who could ensure theirconvertibility into gold. This results to create the International Monetary Fund to ensure the rules and...