Development Of Social Classes From Ancient Times To Nowadays

INTRODUCTION
For the study of tourism, the history has been an instructive and exemplary element, since in it is possible to find where the bases of the different classes and the growth of them were settled as well as the possibility to learn about the different changes that society has experience from ancient times until now. So history is a key factor for the study of tourism and it socialclasses. Moreover it is important to point that several of past inventions and innovations are shown effective for the tourist scene of contemporary times, as well the large legate of the infra- and supra- structure of the ancient tourism development, heritage, landscape and architecture, which are of large interest nowadays.

But tourism is a recent invention; the word was unknown(until lastdecade)in its language of origin, which was English, then rapidly has evolved and has reach to have a vulgar signification. But in the other hand we have the word ‘trip’ or ‘travel’ with respectful meaning, which have meant and through times the quality of ancient trips, usually rich, intellectual, aristocratic, or social leaders. So we see that the concept of trip with the purpose of leisure isrelatively new.

DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL CLASSES FROM ANCIENT TIMES TO NOWADAYS

For the study of the different social classes and tourism it is possible to make a monitoring of it with five different stages, influenced manly by the evolution of the technology. The five stages are the following:

1. Societies of hunters and pickers: The only type of society until 12.00 years ago

The societiesof hunters and pickers make reference to the simple technologies which are needed for hunt animals and to recollect fruits. Nowadays if still exist three hundred million of indigenous people, people which live very connected to the land, to the water and to the wild life.

These villages were devoted in the small game, and to recollect eatable vegetables. That converts these villages to nomadpeople.

The hunter societies used to establish strong vinculums of relationship as the family. The family obtains and distributes the food, also is in charge of protecting the different members that compose it as well as is in charge of teaching its kids the different abilities. The family uses most of its time researching food. The men are in charge of getting the food through hunting, whilethe women are in charge of recollecting of fruits and the care of the kids. However these different activities between men and women, they belonged to a similar social status.

These societies did not used to have a formal leadership. The biggest part of these societies did recognize a spiritual leader or ‘Chaman’, which received a similar treat of the other member of the society. Also theindividuals with special ability for hunting had a certain prestige; however the social organization of the hunters and pickers was simple and egalitarian.

This societies rarely used weapons to go to war, their principal enemy was the nature storms, droughts and illness. These risks promote the cooperation, the team work and the custom of share resources, which increments the survival possibilities.2. Horticulturists and rancher societies: Appeared some 12.000 years ago

In these societies the technology it is based in the use of manual tools for the cultivation of plants. The most common tools for these societies, the horticulturists, were the hoe and the instruments for caving holes in the ground for cultivate seeds. The first time that human beings used this tools were in theregions of Middle East, and later in Latin America and Asia. The cultural expansion helped to extend the knowledge of agriculture in the biggest part of the planet 6.000 year ago.

In the other side, talking about the pasture, were villages located in arid regions or mountainous ones, this strategy or practice was based on the technology of domestication of animals. Some villages combined both...