Eugenio maria de hostos

Eugenio Maria De Hostos

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Eugenio María de Hostos y de Bonilla

Portrait by Francisco Oller
Born 11 January 1839
Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Spanish Empire
Died August 11, 1903(1903-08-11) (aged 64)
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Occupation Educator, philosopher, national activist
Nationality Spanish(1839-1898), Puerto Rican (1898-1903)
Spouse(s) Belinda Otilia de Ayala y Quintana
Children Eugenio Carlos, Luisa Amelia, Bayoan Lautaro, Filipo Luis Duarte, María Angelina.

Eugenio María de Hostos y de Bonilla (11 January 1839 – 11 August 1903) known as "El Ciudadano de América" (meaning: The Citizen of the Americas), was a Puerto Rican educator, philosopher, intellectual, lawyer, sociologist andindependence advocate.

Contents [hide]
1 Early years and family
2 Independence advocate
3 Contributions to Latin America
4 Educator
5 Later years
6 Honors and recognitions
7 Written works
8 Ancestors of Eugenio María de Hostos
9 See also
10 References
11 Further reading
12 External links


[edit] Early years and familyHostos was born into a well-to-do family in the Barrio "Río Cañas" of Mayagüez,Puerto Rico. His parents were Don Eugenio María de Hostos y Rodriguez (1807–1897) and Doña María Hilaria de Bonilla y Cintron (died 1862, Madrid, Spain).[1][2]

The Hostos family surname (originally Ostos) came from the Castile region of Spain when Don Eugenio de Ostos y Del Valle, born Ecija, Seville, Spain, moved to Camagüey, Cuba, and married, in 1736, Doña María Josefa del Castillo y Aranda.It was their son Don Juan José de Ostos y del Castillo who settled in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.[3]

At a young age his family sent him to to study in the capital of the island, then called Puerto Rico like the island itself, now known as San Juan,[4] where he received his elementary education in the Liceo de San Juan. In 1852, his family then sent him to Bilbao, Spain, where he graduated from theInstitute of Secondary Education (high school).[5] After he graduated, he enrolled and attended the Central University of Madrid. He studied law, philosophy and letters. As a student there, he became interested in politics. In 1863, he also wrote what is considered his greatest work, "La Peregrinación de Bayoan". When Spain adopted its new constitution in 1869 and refused to grant Puerto Rico itsindependence, Hostos left and went to the United States.[6]

Hostos arrived in the city of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic where he settled with his wife, Belinda Otilia de Ayala Quintana (1862–1917), a Cuban native, whom he married in 1877 in Caracas, Venezuela. The couple had five children: Carlos Eugenio (born 1879, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic), Luisa Amelia (1881), Bayoan Lautaro(1885), Filipo Luis Duarte de Hostos (born 1890, Chile), María Angelina (born 1892, Chile).[1][7]

[edit] Independence advocate
Location of the proposed Antillean Confederation (green) in relation to the rest of the CaribbeanIn the U.S. he joined the Cuban Revolutionary Committee and became the editor of a journal called La Revolución. Hostos believed in the creation of an Antillano Confederationbetween Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic and Cuba. This idea was embraced by fellow Puerto Ricans Ramón Emeterio Betances and Segundo Ruiz Belvis. One of the things which disappointed Hostos was that in Puerto Rico and in Cuba there were many people who wanted their independence from Spain, but did not embrace the idea of becoming revolutionaries, preferring to be annexed by the UnitedStates.[5]

Hostos wanted to promote the independence of Puerto Rico and Cuba and the idea of an Antillean Confederation ("Confederación Antillana"), and he therefore traveled to many countries. Among the countries he went promoting his idea were: the United States, France, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, the Dominican Republic, Cuba and the former Danish colony of St. Thomas which...