Foreign Relations Of Mexico

The foreign relations of Mexico are directed by the President of the United Mexican States[1] and managed through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[2] The principles of the foreign policy areconstitutionally recognized in the Article 89, Section 10, which include: respect for international law and legal equality of states, their sovereignty and independence, non-intervention in the domesticaffairs of other countries, peaceful resolution of conflicts, and promotion of collective security through active participation in international organizations.[1] Since the 1930s, the Estrada Doctrine hasserved as a crucial complement to these principles.[3]

After the War of Independence, the relations of Mexico were focused primarily on the United States, its northern neighbor, largest tradingpartner,[4] and the most powerful actor in hemispheric and world affairs.[5] Once the order was reestablished, its foreign policy was built under hemispheric prestige in subsequent decades. Demonstratingindependence from the U.S., Mexico supported the Cuban government since its establishment in the early 1960s,[6] the Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua during the late 1970s,[7] and leftistrevolutionary groups in El Salvador during the 1980s.[8] In the 2000s, former President Vicente Fox adopted a new foreign policy that calls for an openness and an acceptance of criticism from the internationalcommunity and the increase of Mexican involvement in foreign affairs, as well as a further integration towards its northern neighbors.[9] A greater priority to Latin America and the Caribbean hasbeen given in the administration of President Felipe Calderón.[10]

Mexico is one of the founding members of several international organizations, most notably the United Nations,[11] the Organizationof American States,[12] the Organization of Ibero-American States,[13] the OPANAL[14] and the Rio Group.[15] For a long time, Mexico has been one of the largest contributors to the United Nations...