Historia economica eu

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

EUROPEAN
 HISTORY
 AND
 INSTITUTIONS
  ICHEC
 2010/2011
 
  THE
 FIRST
 ENLARGEMENT
 (1969
 -­
 1979):
  CHALLENGES
 AND
 DIFFICULTIES
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  JAVIER
 ANGOSO
 JIEMENEZ
 

Introduction
 
 
  Since
  its
  creation
  in
  1957
  the
  EEC
  started
  with
  the
  objective
  of
  securing
  a
  lasting
  peace
  between
  European
  countries
  by
  uniting
  them
  economically
  and
  politically,
 the
 EEC
 has
 had to
 face
 many
 challenges
 that
 have,
 after
 all,
 built
 the
  EU
  as
  it
  is
  now
  known.
  The
  EU
  has
  grown
  from
  a
  six
  -­‐
  member
  entity
  with
  a
  population
 of
 185
 million,
 to
 15
  members
  with
  375
  million,
  to
  25
  members
 with
  455
  million
  citizens
  in
  2004,
  before
  becoming
  a
  27
  -­‐
  member
  bloc
  with
  an
  estimated
  population
  of
  501
  million
  at
  1
  January
  2010.
  These
  different
  phases
  of
  growth
 and
 enlargements
 are
 perfectly
 described
 by
 the
 following picture;
 
 


 
 
  On
 this
 paper
 I
 am
 going
 to
 focus
 on
 the
 second
 level
 of
 entry,
 known
 as
  the
  first
  enlargement,
  where
  Denmark,
  Ireland
  and
  Great
  Britain
  accessed
  the
  Community,
 and
 I
 will
 also
 emphasize
 on
 the
 Norwegian denial.
 
 
  European
 Situation
 
 
  To
  enter
  in
  context
  and
  to
  better
  understand
  future
  behaviours
  it
  is
  interesting
 to
 enter
 in
 context
 and
 explain
 briefly
 events
 occurred
 since
 the
 first
  signs
 of
 cooperation
 between
 the
 now
 known Member
 States.
 
 
 
  The
 historical
 roots
 of
 the
 European
 Union
 lie
 in
 the
 Second
 World
 War.
  World
  War
  II
  ended
  in
  1945,
  leaving
  Europe
  weakened,
  poor
  and
  hungry.
  Meanwhile,
  the
  United
  States
  and
  the
  Soviet
  Union
  were
 emerging
  as
  two
  superpowers.
 The
 Europeans
 were
 made
 conscious
 that
 war
 was
 not
 affordable,
  and
  thus,
  with
  the
  aim
  of
  preventing
  such
  killings
  and
  destruction
  ever
  happening
  again,
  they
  had
  to
  find
  a
  way
  of
  living
  peacefully
 side-­‐by-­‐side.
  Soon
  after
 the
 war,
 Europe
 was
 split
 into
 East
 and
 West
 as
 the
 40
 -­‐
 year
 long
 Cold
 War
  begun.
  The
  nations
  located
  in
  the
  West
  created
  the
  Council
  of
  Europe
  in
  1949,
  which
  meant
  the
  first
  step
  towards  cooperation
  between
  them.
  Nevertheless,
  six
  countries
 wanted
 to
 go
 further
 and
 in
 1950
 the
 French
 Foreign
 Minister
 Robert
  Schuman
 presented
 a
 plan
 for
 deeper
 cooperation.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
  Following
 this
 plan,
 in
 18th
 April
 of...