Ingeniero

Telnet is port 23
HTTP 80

PRIVADAS
10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 |
172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 |
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 |

20 | TCP | | FTP – data transfer | Official |
21 | TCP | | FTP – control (command) | |

53 | TCP | UDP | Domain Name System (DNS) |

Anatomy of Ipv 4 Address

* With IPv4, this means that each packet has a 32-bit source address and a 32-bitdestination address in the Layer 3 header.
* Digital logic… Boolean algebra, and, or and if
* Represent in dotted decimal 10.0.0.1

Dotted Decimal
* Divides cada dotted decimal en byte of binary pattern llamados octatos.
1 byte = 8 bits.

172. 16. 4. 20
10101100 00010000 00000100 00010100

* La red son los primeros tres octetos y elhost es el ultimo.

Types of Address in Network

* Network address - Address by which we refer to the network
All hosts in the 10.0.0.0 network will have the same network bits.
* Broadcast address - Special address used to send data to all hosts in the network
10.0.0.255------- directed broadcast.
* Host addresses - Addresses assigned to the end devices in the network, host innetwork has a unique address. Assign values between the network address and the broadcast address.

Prefix length is the number of bits in the address that gives us the network portion.
172.16.4.0 /24, the /24 Nos dice que déjà 8 bits, el ultimo octeto para el host.

Types of Communication

* Unicast - the process of sending a packet from one host to an individual host. Nodo a Nodo.* client/server and a peer-to-peer network
* Source and Destination, misma red o por el internet

* Broadcast - the process of sending a packet from one host to all hosts in the network. A todos.
* restricted to the local network
* used to when address is not known
* host needs to provide information to all the hosts on the network (routing protocols
Directed broadcast-sending broadcast to all hosts on a non-local network
172.16.4.0 /24, its broadcast en otro red es 172.16.4.255.
Limited broadcast- communication that is limited to the hosts on the local network. Routers form the boundary for a broadcast domain.
172.16.4.0 /24, su broadcast en su red local 255.255.255.255.
* Multicast - the process of sending a packet from one host to a selected group ofhosts. (Webinar)
* Reduces traffic host sends single packet to a selected set of hosts
* IP Multi-cast address are 224.0.0.0
* Special block of addresses 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 for multicast groups addressing.

Broadcast traffic should be limited doesn’t affect performance on network.
Routers dividen el broadcast domain, subdividen redes con exceso de broadcast traffic paramejorar el netowork performance.

Host addresses

From 0.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 that could be used for IPv4 hosts.

Private address

* 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0 /8)
* 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0 /12)
* 127.0.0.1 Loop back es privada interfaz de red virtual que siempre representa al propio dispositivo independientemente de la dirección IP que se le hayaasignado.
* 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0 /16)

Packets using these PRIVATE addresses as the source or destination should not appear on the public Internet.
Router must block or translate these private addresses.

Network Address Translation (NAT)

-Translate private addresses to public ones so they can access the resources across the internet. Implemented on a deviceat the edge of the private network.
-Allow host to borrow a public address for communication
-Public address designed to use for hosts public access internet.

Special IPv4 Addresses

Default Route

The default route "catch all" route when a more specific route is not available. Addresses from 0.0.0.0 - 0.255.255.255 (0.0.0.0 /8) address block.

Loopback

127.0.0.1 To see if the...