Ingles

University of Concepción
Faculty of Social Sciences
Department of Social Work

English Work
Topic: “Teens Pregnancy”

|Name |: |Oriana Montoya P. |
|Subject |: |English |
|Professor |: | |
|Delivery Date |: ||

1.-Introduction

The teen pregnancy is an issue that has become very important today because many women are at an early age begin their sexual life without, perhaps, receive the adequate sex education from their family or by the educational establishment to which she belongs.

Studies indicate that one in three young people has beenexperiencing pregnancy, highlighting important differences by gender and socioeconomic status. It is stressed that women, lived much longer than men (as fathers), 42% versus 18.2% respectively and young’s women more economically vulnerable sectors of the population where 37.4% of the sector D and 36 , 1% of E have experienced an unplanned pregnancy.

Is for that reason that the objectives ofthis work are, make an introduction to the topic, indicate which are the main causes of teen pregnancy and why are these so important. In addition to showing the reality in the world and what is being done to prevent it, and thus, provide a solution to this problem.

2.- Development

2.1.- Definition

Teenage pregnancy is defined as a teenaged or underaged girl (usually within the agesof 15–19) becoming pregnant. The term in everyday speech usually refers to women who have not reached legal adulthood, which varies across the world.

2.2.- International Context

Among OECD developed countries, the United States and United Kingdom have the highest level of teenage pregnancy, while Japan and South Korea have the lowest.
In addition, Save the Children is aninternational organization helping children in need around the world. This organization found that, annually, 13 million children born to women under age 20 worldwide, over 90% in developing countries. Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among women between the ages of 15 and 19 in those areas. The highest rate of teenage pregnancies in the world is in sub-SaharanAfrica, where women tend to marry at an early age. In Niger, for example, 87% of women surveyed were married and 53% had given birth to a child before the age of 18.
In Europe, the general trend since 1970 has been a decline in total fertility rate, an increase in the age at which women have their first birth, and a decrease in the number of births among teenagers. Most Western Europeancontinental countries have very low teen birth rates. This is attributed to good sex education and high levels of contraceptive use (in the case of the Netherlands and Scandinavia), traditional values and social stigmatization (in the case of Spain) or both (in the case of Italy and Switzerland).
On the next page shows two graphs that indicate female fertility rates in the World and America,respectively.

Fertility Rates – Women between 15-19, in the world, 2001

Figure 1.

Fertility Rates – Women between 15-19, in America, 2001

Figure 2.

2.3.- National Content

According to the census of 2002, in Chile, the Chilean youth fertility is 44 births per thousand women aged 15-19 years group, one of the lowest rates in Latin America and the Caribbean, while significantlymore high as in developed countries. This youthful fertility rate, is an important percentage contribution to total fertility due to a decrease in this rate among older women. Also 12.3% of girls between 15 and 19 states have children, ie, this segment of women, which reaches 77,291, is experiencing biographical and social status of young motherhood.

Maternity Youth by Region, 2002 Census...