Macro

Grammar Reference-Level 1



Unit 7

can/can’t—ability
We use can to talk about ability. Questions and negatives do not use the auxiliary do.Affirmative/Negative Yes/No questions Short answers
I/You/ can I/you/ Yes, I/you/ can.
He/She/It/ can’t swim. Can he/she/it/ swim? he/she/it/ can’t.
We/They (cannot) we/theyNo, we/they (cannot)

can/can’t with adverbs of manner
1  Adverbs of manner describe an action, e.g., She can sing beautifully.
2  Adverbs usually come after the verb,e.g., She can’t dance well.

Formation of adverbs:
1  We usually form the adverb by adding -ly to the adjective, e.g., slow—slowly, quick—quickly. 2  For adjectives that end in-y, we change the -y to -i and add -ly, e.g., funny—funnily.
3  There are some irregular adverbs, e.g., good—well, fast—fast.

Unit 8
this, that, these, thoseSingular nouns Plural nouns Use
this these to talk about things that are close to the person who is speaking
that those to talk about things that are not very close to theperson who is speaking


Comparative adjectives

Add -er, e.g., old—older, small—smaller.
One syllable adjectivesFor adjectives that end consonant-vowel-consonant,
double the final consonant and add -er, e.g., thin—thinner, fat—fatter.
Two syllableadjectives ending in -y Change the y to i and add -er, e.g., happy—happier, funny—funnier.
Adjectives with two or more syllables Use more or less, e.g., interesting—more interesting,popular—more popular.
Irregular adjectives bad—worse, good—better

We use less with all adjectives, e.g., less cold, less hot, less popular.

Unit 9
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