Moco

The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN is an international organization whose purpose is to operate the world's largest particle physics laboratory. The conventionestablishing CERN was ratified on 29 September 1954 by 12 countries in Western Europe. The acronym CERN originally stood in French for Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire (European Council for NuclearResearch).
CERN has contributed for year to develop tools to help mankind.For example the World Wide Web began as a CERN project called ENQUIRE, initiated by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 and RobertCailliau in 1990. Berners-Lee and Cailliau were jointly honoured by the Association for Computing Machinery in 1995 for their contributions to the development of the World Wide Web.
CERN operates a networkof six accelerators and a decelerator. For example the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), a circular accelerator with a diameter of 2 kilometres built in a tunnel, which started operation in 1976. It wasdesigned to deliver an energy of 300 GeV and was gradually upgraded to 450 GeV. As well as having its own beamlines for fixed-target experiments (currently COMPASS and NA62), it has been operated asa proton–antiproton collider (the SppS collider), and for accelerating high energy electrons and positrons which were injected into the Large Electron–Positron Collider (LEP). Since 2008, it has beenused to inject protons and heavy ions into the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Most of the activities at CERN are currently directed towards operating the new Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and theexperiments for it. The LHC represents a large-scale, worldwide scientific cooperation project.
The LHC tunnel is located 100 metres underground, in the region between the Geneva International Airport andthe nearby Jura mountains. It uses the 27 km circumference circular tunnel previously occupied by LEP which was closed down in November 2000. CERN's existing PS/SPS accelerator complexes will be used...