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Global Positioning System

The GPS (Global Positioning System: Global Positioning System) or NAVSTAR-GPS1 is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) which determines the entire world the position of an object, a person, vehicle or vessel, with accuracy to the centimeter (when using differential GPS); usually a few meters of accuracy. Although his invention is attributed to French andBelgian governments, the system was developed, installed and currently operated by the Department of Defense of the United States.

Technical features and benefits
The Global Navigation Satellite component:
• Satellite System: It consists of 24 units with synchronized paths to cover the entire surface of the globe. More specifically, distributed in six orbital planes of four satellites each. Theelectrical energy required to operate the acquired compounds from two panels of solar cells attached to their sides.
• Ground Stations: send control information to control the satellite orbits and perform maintenance on the entire constellation.
• Terminals receptors: Indicate the position you are, otherwise known as GPS units, are what we buy in specialist shops.

GPS basic vocabulary
• BRG(Bearing) course between two points of intermediate steps (waypoints)
• CMG (Course Made Good): bearing from the starting point and current position
• EPE (Estimated Position Error): error estimated by the receiver
• ETE (Estimated Time Enroute): estimated time between two waypoints
• DOP (Dilution Of Precision): a measure of accuracy obtained by GPS coordinates, according to satellitedistribution, availability of them ...
• ETA (Estimated Time to Arrival): estimated time of arrival at destination.

Applications

Civil
• Land Navigation (and pedestrian), sea and air. Quite a few cars now incorporate it being particularly useful for finding addresses or indicate the status of the crane.
• Mobile Phones
• Topography and geodesy.
• Location agriculture (precision farming),livestock and wildlife.
• Rescue and recovery.
• Sports, camping and leisure.
• To locate the sick, disabled and children.
• Scientific applications in field work (see Geomatics).
• Geocaching, sport consisting of searching for "treasure" hidden by other users.
• Used for tracking and vehicle recovery.
• Yachting.
• Aerial sports: paragliding, hang-gliders, etc.
• There is who draws using tracksor play using the cursor movement as (common in the Garmin GPS).
• security systems and fleet management.

Military
• navigation by land, air and sea.
• Guided missiles and shells of various kinds.
• Search and rescue.
• Surveying and Mapping.
• Detection of nuclear explosions
Working

The GPS works through a network of 27 satellites (24 operational and 3 back) in orbit over the globe,20 200 km, with synchronized paths to cover the entire surface of the Earth. When you want to determine the position, the receiver used to it automatically locates at least three satellites in the network, which receives a signal indicating the position and the clock of each of them. Based on these signals, the device synchronizes the GPS clock and calculates the delay of the signals (ie, thedistance to the satellite). For triangulation (trilateration method versa), calculates the position in which it is located. In the case of GPS, triangulation, unlike 2-D case which is to find the angle from known points, "is based on determining the distance of each satellite with respect to the point of measurement. Knowing the distance, is easily determined by one's position relative to the threesatellites. Knowing well the coordinates or position of each of them emitting the signal, we obtain the absolute position or actual coordinates of the measurement. Also extreme accuracy is achieved in the GPS clock, similar to that of atomic clocks carried on board each satellite.

Sistema de posicionamiento global

El GPS (Global Positioning System: sistema de posicionamiento mundial) o...