Participación Del Banco Mundial

THE WORLD BANK’S EXPERIENCE WITH LOCAL PARTICIPATION AND PARTNERSHIPS Lessons from an OED Evaluation

Warren A. Van Wicklin III The World Bank Group OED Conference on Evaluation and Development: The Partnership Dimension July 23, 2001

PURPOSE OF THE EVALUATION

This was the first OED evaluation of participation by primary stakeholders (individuals and their community-based organizationsthat are directly affected by World Bank projects and programs). Objectives of the evaluation:
• to report on the current state of the World Bank’s work on participation • to improve future work on participation

The main questions of the evaluation:
• What difference is participation making? • To what extent has participation been mainstreamed in the World Bank’s work? • What is working, whatis not, and why? • What are the benefits and costs of participation? • What are the implications for World Bank participation policy? • What are the recommendations for further World Bank work on participation?
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DEFINITIONS OF PARTICIPATION AND LEVELS OF PARTICIPATION

The accepted definition within theWorld Bank :
“Participatory development is a process through which stakeholders influence and share control over development initiatives, and the decisions and resources which affect them.” (1994 Report of the Participatory Development Learning Group)

The four levels of participation in the World Bank typology are:
low level participation high level participation (1) information sharing (2)consultation (3) collaboration (4) empowerment one-way communication two-way communication

shared control over decisions and resources transfer of control over decisions/resources

Only high level participation qualifies as partnership.
The World Bank's Experience with Local Participation and Partnerships

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A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH TO THE EVALUATION

During OED’sOctober 1997 retreat the Director of OED committed OED to a more participatory approach to evaluation. The evaluation itself reflected the shift, summarized by the following:
From individualism From product From expert From research From dissemination outputs to partnership to interactive product development to participant in learning to facilitation/negotiation to creating a safe learning environmentJuly 23, 2001

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OED’S PARTNERS AND PARTICIPANTS IN THE EVALUATION
International partners and participants (partial list)
• • • • GTZ - full partner throughout evaluation including field site visits SDC - December 1997 workshop on Issues Paper IDS - December 1997 Participation Workshop provided evaluator trainingnine member advisory panel from academia, NGOs, and development agencies

Local partners and participants (partial list)
• • • • local consultants from NGO backgrounds in 6 of 8 project case studies in the field group meetings with NGOs/civil society in 5 of 6 case study countries interviews and group meetings with over 1500 primary stakeholders in the field primary stakeholder self-evaluationnot doable due to lack of time and capacity

World Bank partners and participants (partial list)
• two peer reviewers from SDV central unit and from SDV regional unit • evaluation design workshop with 20 World Bank staff and managers from all areas • SDV collaborated on staff survey, focus groups, random sample, data analysis
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THE IMPACT OF ADOPTING A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH TO THE EVALUATION

The evaluation adopted an action learning approach in which design, action, and learning occurred in all evaluation phases.
• The research design evolved during the evaluation. • Interim products were shared with partners to accelerate learning and action. • Results and impacts were achieved before...