Phrasal verbs

PRESENT PERFECT
The "present perfect" is a time that is used to describe actions that just happened in the past and that have some connection with this. Castilian equates the present perfect.
We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as:yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.
Ever and always means used to express the most interesting, funniest thing I ever read, seen, heard ...
Is often used in questions. Italso helps to ask about some "experience.”
Examples
What has been the most interesting book you have ever read?
Have you ever been in Spain?
Have you ever drunk Tequila?
Has she ever been in Cancun?
Has he/she ever fed a lion?
PAST PERFECT
The past perfect is formed by combining the auxiliary verb "had" with the past participle.
I had studied.
He had written a letter to María.
We hadbeen stranded for six days.
Because the past perfect is a compound tense, two verbs are required: the main verb and the auxiliary verb.
I had studied. (main verb: studied ; auxiliary verb: had)
He had written a letter to María.
(main verb: written ; auxiliary verb: had)
We had been stranded for six days.
(main verb: been ; auxiliary verb: had)
In Spanish, the past perfect tense isformed by using the imperfect tense of the auxiliary verb "haber" with the past participle. Haber is conjugated as follows:
Había habías había habíamos habíais habían

FUTURE PERFECT
It uses the "future perfect" to describe actions that are already developed or will develop in the future, but in any event, when that future time when we are talking about action and complete. This form is typicallyused with a time expression.
Before summer you will have sold your house.
This time the simple future form of the auxiliary verb "to have" plus the participle (past participle) of the main verb
Before we arrive, she will have cooked the supper
The negative is formed by interposing the negation "not" between the auxiliary and main verb (attention to its placement between the two components ofthe auxiliary verb "will" and "have")
I wiIl not have finished my homework by 7 o'clock.
The interrogative form is constructed starting with "will", followed by the subject of the infinitive "have " and the main verb: dax
Will she have learned Spanish before leaving?

AUXILIARY
The most common auxiliary verbs are "be," "do," and "have", and you may also use these verbs on their own. You use"Will" and "shall" to express future time.
Other common auxiliaries are "can," "could," "may," "might," "must," "ought," "should," "will," and "would." A verb like these is called a modal auxiliary and expresses necessity, obligation, or possibility.
The tea cups are in the china cabinet.
The health department has recently decided that all high school students should be immunised againstmeningitis
QUESTIONS
could have done this. --- Who could have done this ?
Books' s remained in the classroom. --- books who stays in the classroom?
people will be coming to the party. --- How many people will be coming to the party?
sugar was used to make these cookies. -- How much sugar was used to make these cookies?
NEGATIVE
you can not sing?
But you don't really love her, do you?
•Well, Icouldn't help it, could I?
•You won't be late, will you?.

ENGLISH WORKING

PORTELA ANAYA NEIVIS


WALTER CABALLERO

INSTITUTE MEYER

BOOK SIX (LEVEL SIX)

2011

PRESENTE PERFECTO
El "presente perfecto" es un tiempo que se utiliza para describir las acciones que acaba de suceder en el pasado y que tienen alguna relación con esto. Castellano equipara el...