Social Science

FOUNDATIONS OF GOVERNMENT THE PURPOSES

Government is the formal structures and institutions through which decisions are made for a body of people.
Government function to ensure national securitymaintains order, resold conflict, provide services.

What is Government?

Government is made up of the formal institutions and process through which are made for a group of people.

Three MainComponents

People: Elected officials with authority and control in the country.
Power: Legislative to make laws. Judicial to interpret laws, executive to carry out.
Police: Decision made bygovernment in pursuit of a goal, can be a law, bring security in the country.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A STATE

State: Political unit with the power to make and enforce laws over a group of people livingwithin a clearly defined territory.

ORIGINES OF THE STATE

Evolution Theory:
Force Theory: Is when an individual or group or person uses force to make enough submit ti a central authority.
DivineRight Theory: State is founded by god or Gods and the ruler possesses a “Divine Right” to rule.
Social contract theory: Is when people reach a contract to surrender some power to common authority inreturn for security.

CHARACTERISTICS

Population: Must have people, number not matter.
Territory: Must have clearly defined.
Government: Must have a government that issues and enforces rulesfor the people.
Sovereignty: Must have supreme power to act within its territory and to control its external affairs.

Sovereignty





Population

FUNCTIONS OF GOVERNMENTEnsure National Security: Protect the nation’s people and territory from external threats.

Maintain Order: Maintain international order through police and the legal system.
Resolve Conflict:Provide means to resolve conflicts through politics and the legal system.
Provide Services: Provide a variety of services ranging from education to public transportations, which are paid for by tax...