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New AHA Guidelines for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care
A new compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2is one of several key changes in these guidelines.
Sponsoring Organization: American Heart Association
Purpose: The science of resuscitation has advanced since CPR and ECC guidelines were lastpublished in 2000. The 2005 guidelines include several critical changes in approach, all geared toward improving patients’ chances of survival.
Key Points:
1. The importance of effective chestcompressions to produce blood flow is a major area of emphasis. The guidelines now encourage rescuers to "push hard and fast" at a rate of about 100 compressions per minute, with about equal time forcompression and relaxation and as few interruptions in compressions as possible.
2. The guidelines have set a new compression-to-ventilation ratio for lone rescuers of 30:2 for all victims from infants(excluding newborns) through adults. This is a change from the previous recommendation of 15:2 for adults and 5:1 for infants and children. The new approach should ensure that rescuers deliver a longerseries of uninterrupted chest compressions.
3. The guidelines now recommend that rescue breaths last 1 second and cause the chest to rise. Previously, the duration standard was not precise and mentioneddurations of 1 to 2 seconds, now deemed too long.
4. For defibrillation, the new guidelines recommend 1 shock followed by immediate CPR with chest compressions. (Previously, the rule was 3 shockswithout CPR between them, which resulted in potentially harmful interruptions in compressions.) The new system increases the chances that the heart can create blood flow after the shock.
5. Basic lifesupport is now emphasized over pulse checks and drug administration. Rescuers should not sacrifice chest compressions right after a shock to do pulse checks or administer drugs, although neither of...