FILOSOFIA


1. Explain and evaluate the notions of Karma, samsara, and Nirvana.

Karma is all good and bad deeds that a person accumulates, not just one life but in countless reincarnations, the balance of your karma determines how it will be reborn.

In the other hand, Samsara is the cycle of death and rebirth full of pain and suffering. Buddha achievement discover that this cycle could be overcomeand experience taught him that the endless cycle of life and rebirth could be interrupted by the awareness and understanding of the 3 fundamental principles seen before.

It is the cycle of death and rebirth full of pain and suffering. Buddha achievement discover that this cycle could be overcome and experience taught him that the endless cycle of life and rebirth could be interrupted by theawareness and understanding of the 3 fundamental principles seen before.




2. Explain and evaluate the Hindu ideas of Brahman, atman and reality.

La base de todo el Hinduismo, es la idea de que la plétora de cosas y eventos que nos rodean no son sino diferentes manifestaciones de la misma realidad última. Esta realidad, llamada Brahman, es el concepto cohesionador que le da su carácter deunidad al Hinduismo, a pesar de la veneración de variados dioses.

Brahman, la realidad cúspide, final, se entiende como el “alma” o esencia interior de todas las cosas. Es infinita y más allá de cualquier concepto; no puede ser comprendida por el intelecto ni puede ser adecuadamente descrita con palabras: “Brahman, sin comienzo, supremo: más allá de lo que es y más allá de lo que noes”-”Incomprensible es aquella Alma Suprema, ilimitada, no nacida, no puede racionalizarse, impensable”. Aun así la gente quiere hablar sobre esta realidad y los sabios hindúes con su característico gusto al mito se han imaginado Brahman como divino y hablan sobre Aquello en un lenguaje mitológico. A los diversos aspectos de lo Divino se les ha dado distintos nombres de variados Dioses venerados por loshindúes, pero las escrituras dejan muy en claro que no son más que reflejos de una única realidad última:

Esto que la gente dice, ‘Venera a este Dios!, Venera a aquel Dios!’ -uno tras el otro-esto es realmente la creación de él [de Brahman]! Y él mismo es todos los Dioses.

La manifestación de Brahman en el alma humana se llama Atman, la idea que Atman y Brahman, el individuo y la realidad última,son uno, es la esencia del Upanishad.
The basis of all Hinduism is the idea that the plethora of things and events around us are but different manifestations of the same ultimate reality. This reality, called Brahman, is the cohesive concept that gives it its character of unity Hinduism , despite the veneration of many gods.

Brahman, the peak actually end, is understood as the "soul" or inneressence of all things. Is infinite and beyond any concept, no it can be understood by the intellect and cannot be adequately described in words: " Brahman, beginning less, supreme: beyond what is and beyond what is not ",” Incomprehensible Supreme is one, alma ilimitada, no nacida, it cannot be rationalized, unthinkable. " Yet people want to talk about this reality and Hindu sages with itscharacteristic taste to myth have imagined Brahman as divine That in and talk about a mythological language. A different aspects of the Divine are given different names of various gods worshiped by the Hindus, but the Scriptures make it abundantly clear that they are merely reflections of a single ultimate reality :

This people say , ' Venera to this God, worships the God ! '- One after another - thisis really creating it [ Brahman ] ! And he is all gods .

The manifestation of Brahman in the human soul is called Atman , the Atman and Brahman idea , the individual and the ultimate reality is one , is the essence of Upanishad.


3. Explain the Buddha’s four noble truths. Is he correct in his view?
4. Esa es la razón de ser de las Cuatro Nobles Verdades.
5. Primera Noble Verdad: La...