Forestation

FORESTATION
A forest is an area with a high density of trees. These communities cover approximately 9.4 percent of the Earth's surface. In the forest you can find small plants, fungi, bacteria’s,and animals.
The forestation is the planting of forests. Then, a place is forest when it is covered with trees.
Importance of Forests: Forests provide important products for human use andconsumption, and they provide valuables ecosystems services, as:
1) Forest Products:
- In poor areas, people usually use the wood for cooking.
- Forests provide useful wood products. Some woods can beprocessed into building materials. Also, wood is used for make boxes, furniture’s, paper, beds, and other products.
- Forests are the source of numerous non-wood products, such as dyes, fibers, gums,incense, latexes, oils, resins and shellac.
2) Ecosystem Services
- The forest is important for the biosphere. It plays an important role in the purification of the air, in a process calledphotosynthesis.
- Forests maintain local climate and strongly influence global fluxes of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- Forests protect the top soil.
- Forests harbor big biological diversity, and have thepotential to provide us with new crop varieties and medicines.
Moreover exist the deforestation; it is cutting down and removal of all or most of trees in a forested area. Deforestation can erodesoils, contribute to desertification and the pollution of waterways, and decrease biodiversity through the destruction of habitat.
DEFORESTATION IN COLOMBIA
Colombia loses 2,000 km2 of forest annuallyto deforestation, according to the United Nations in 2003, although some suggest that this figure is as high as 3,000 km² due to illegal logging in the region. The Ministry of Environment andSustainable Development reported that the rate of loss of natural forest in Colombia, between 2005 and 2010 is 238 thousand hectares annually.
Deforestation results mainly from logging for timber,...