Global Chapter 9

Repaso Global Chapter 9:
I. Vocabulario:
1. strait: a narrow strip of water that separated the Americas from Asia.
2. Beringia: land bridge during the Ice Age that provided the means for Asians to travel to the Americas.
3. potlatches: ceremonial gatherings of native Americans of the Pacific Northewest.
4. adobe: sun-dried brick used for building by the Pueblo Indians
5.buffalo: primary animal that roamed the Great Plains of the United States; hunted by the Plains people.
6. tepees: cone-shaped tents made out of buffalo hide.
7. Hohokam: group off people who lived in the southwestern Unites States who abandoned their communities due to climate changes.
8. Pueblo: group of people who lived in permanent settlements in the southwestern United States.
9.Hopewell: group of people who settled in the Ohio Valley region.
10. Mississippians: group that lived in the Eastern Woodlands of North America.
11. chinampas: raised fields made by the Aztec with mud taken from the bottom of the lakes.
12. quipu: kind of knotted string used as a memory aid by the Inca.
13. Olmec: earliest culture of Mexico.
14. Chavín: earliest people of Andean South Americas.15. Maya: one of the most advanced early people in the Americas, occupying most of the Yucatán Peninsula.
16. Toltec: people who invaded central Mexico from the north.
17. Aztec: wandering warriors who gradually came to rule central Mexico.
18. Inca: civilization in the Andes Mountains in South America.
19. Quechua: Inca language, still spoken today by millions in South America.II. Section 1:
•Physical Setting:
-The Rocky mountain that are called the Andes in South America.
- The second longest river, the Amazon, flows through South America.
-The Americas were separated from Asia by a strait (a narrow strip of water).
- Beringia, a land bridge during the Ice Age that provided the means for Asians to travel to the Americas.
• First Arrivals:
- Early peopleprobably migrated to the Americas because of food and climate.
•Creation Myths:
-Many creation myths include information about a creator or supreme being and about people’s duties in relation to their creator.
•The Development of American Agriculture:
- At first, because of large mammals in the Americas, the earliest people probably survived as hunter gatherers, but then turned toagriculture due to massive climate changes that caused many large animals to become extinct.
- Native Americans did not invent plows because there were no large animals to pull them.
-The success of farming in the Americas encouraged people to settle in villages.
III. Section 2:
•The Northwest:
-people on North America’s northwestern coast survived mainly by fishing.
- They used totem poleswhich represented the community’s history
-Held festive gatherings called potlatches at which a clan’s chief would give away the clan’s possessions as a mark of social status.
•The Southwest:
-The Hohokam people lived in the southwestern part of North America.
◦The Hohokam people survived by farming.
◦They built extensive irrigation systems and used these networks to water fields and growcrops such as beans, corn, and cotton.
-El Pueblo was another southwestern group.
◦They built permanent houses with adobe (sun-dried bricks)
◦They also raised corn.
•The Great Plains:
-The Great Plains people primarily lived by hunting buffalo.
-Buffalo were regarded as sacred in the Great Plains culture.
◦They used them for many things like for food, clothing, and to buildtepees (cone-shaped tents).
-Some groups also farmed, growing crops such as beans, corn, and squash.
-Unfortunately many people had to abandon their villages because of droughts and that new peoples were coming from the north.
•The Eastern Woodlands
-Hopewell and Mississippian cultures made their burials in large earthen mounds.
- The Mississippians developed a complex and extensive culture...