Medico

UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DE CUENCA

WORK:
LABOUR

TEACHER:
ING. GEOVANNA VELECELA

STUDENT:
SERGIO PEÑALOZA

Labour
The human childbirth, also called birth, is the culmination of human pregnancy, the baby's exit period the womb. It is considered by many the beginning of the life of the person. The age of an individual is defined by this event in many cultures. It is considered that awoman initiates labor with the onset of regular uterine contractions, which increase in intensity and frequency, accompanied by physiological changes in the cervix.
The natural human birth process is categorized into three phases: the effacement and dilation of the cervix, descent and birth of the baby and the delivery of the placenta. Childbirth can be assisted with medications such as certainanesthetics or oxytocin, used to delay serious complications of childbirth. Along with episiotomy (surgical incision in the perineum), this should not be done routinely ever since childbirth safer the evolving spontaneously and in which nothing is done unnecessarily. In some pregnancies classified as high risk to the mother or fetus, cesarean birth occurs: the extraction of the baby through asurgical incision in the abdomen.

Premature labour
* Represents 50-70% of morbidity neonatal mortality
* Within one of the five leading causes mortality in the general population
* Represents the largest clinical problem associated with perinatal mortality
* It represents the biggest problem of obstetrics modern
* It is the leading cause of childhood disability moderate or severe* It represents a significant economic cost, altering the country's economy, which is reflectedin the quality of life of people
* Generally they will require special education least in the first school year
EPIDEMIOLOGY
The incidence of 5-7% in developed countries
Despite the advances in obstetrics frequency remains at 10% in terms general
In some countries their first worldfrequency has decreased, but in others it has increased due to techniques or assisted reproduction to innovations of neonatal intensive care
What are the factors that motivate these changes?
* Advanced maternal age> 35th
* Economic Inequality
* Pregnancy outside marriage
* Obesity
CLASSIFICATION
* 20-27SDG extreme prematurity
* 28-31SDG severe prematurity
* 32-34SDGmoderate prematurity
* 34-36SDG mild prematurity
Complicated labor:
Bleeding before delivery, RPM.
elective preterm birth: changes indicated by maternal orfetal.
spontaneous labor 
COMPLICATIONSNEONATAL-
* CNS hemorrhage and ischemia
* Necrotizing enterocolitis
* Sd respiratory distress
* Retinopathy 
* Hearing Disorders
* Growth Retardation
* Nosocomial
*Patent ductus arteriosus
* Pulmonary barotraumas

Risk factors for the cause:
Elective preterm delivery:
Maternal:
Gestational hypertension acute or chronic disease obstetric complications bleeding at childbirth Advanced maternal age

Fetal:
Fetal growth restriction fetal distress fetal malformations multiple pregnancy
Rupture of membranes:
* infections
* Uterine overdistension
* Cervical abnormalities
* Economically
* disadvantaged population

PROLONGED LABOUR
The criteria used to determine whether labor is prolonged, and requires medical intervention is linked to several factors. Generally, it is considered that a labor when it lasts too long, in the case of mothers over 14 hours and when it exceeds 9 hours in women who have given birth before.The increased risk of prolonged labor is fetal distress.
 It may happen that some women possess prolonged labor intensive and not achieve its purpose contractions to expel the fetus. As seen by doctors, delivery is prolonged when it exceeds 14 hours in new mothers and extends for more than nine hours in the case of women who have had children. Another criterion that is often used by doctors is...