Nuclear reactions

Páginas: 9 (2022 palabras) Publicado: 14 de febrero de 2010
Introduction

The nuclear energy was developed in the late 1800’s and all along the 1900’s. the advances of scientist like Pierre Curie, Marie Curie, Ernest Rutherford, Enrico Fermi among others, led to the advances make in the second world war because of the larger understanding of the power of the nuclear technology and how this knowledge can affect the human beings, what benefits and theresponsibilities and collateral damages could cause. With the development of the Manhattan project the United States won the nuclear race and creates the first uranium fission bomb in the facilities in Los Alamos, New Mexico. After the development of this weapon created to stop the war, U.S government order to bomb the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki wining the war at the pacific with therendition of Japanese forces. When the soviet forces also understand the development of nuclear weapons created tension worldwide with a non offensive war named as The Cold War. The two superpowers run for the influence to control the world. After the development of weapons both sides understand the capacity of this technology to provide electric energy. The technology was developed and thousandsof nuclear electric pants were constructed around the world providing a huge impact in the cost of electric energy. In the late 1900’s the nuclear technology was improved allowing a variety of functions and commodities to the average citizen. Among these are the radioactive dating, x rays, the smoke detectors and several more products. Nuclear technology has improved our life in a lot of ways butalso it caused some of the worse accidents and situations like radiation were the bombs exploded in Japan causing people to be in more risk in developing cancer because of the radiation, the evacuation of millions of people were the reactor of Chernobyl exploded and in 2 mile island in U.S territory. Nuclear technology is an advantage and a risk for the world and has to be used with prudence andresponsibility.

Historical Background
After the development of the nuclear fission bomb, the advances of several scientist have to been discovered. With the advances these scientist made the intelligence of several countries developed weapons reactors and several other products involving nuclear technology.

A. Pierre and Marie Curie
Marie discovered that thorium gives off the samerays as uranium. Her continued systematic studies of the various chemical compounds gave the surprising result that the strength of the radiation did not depend on the compound that was being studied. It depended only on the amount of uranium or thorium. Chemical compounds of the same element generally have very different chemical and physical properties: one uranium compound is a dark powder,another is a transparent yellow crystal, but what was decisive for the radiation they gave off was only the amount of uranium they contained. Marie drew the conclusion that the ability to radiate did not depend on the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule; it must be linked to the interior of the atom itself. This discovery was absolutely revolutionary.
Marie's next idea, seemingly simple butbrilliant, was to study the natural ores that contain uranium and thorium. She obtained samples from geological museums and found that of these ores, pitchblende was four to five times more active than was motivated by the amount of uranium. It was her hypothesis that a new element that was considerably more active than uranium was present in small amounts in the ore.
Pierre gave up his researchinto crystals and symmetry in nature which he was deeply involved in and joined Marie in her project. They found that the strong activity came with the fractions containing bismuth or barium. When Marie continued her analysis of the bismuth fractions, she found that every time she managed to take away an amount of bismuth, a residue with greater activity was left. At the end of June 1898, they...
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