Pronombres relativos en inglés

P R O N O M B R E S R E L A T I V O S

Cuando hablamos de personas o cosas, es frecuente que sea necesario añadir más información sobre ellas o necesitemos "definirlas". Para hacer esto empleamos las oraciones de relativo.
Una oración de relativo va inmediatamente después del nombre al que describe, y frecuentemente empieza con un pronombre relativo.
Los pronombres relativos másfrecuentes son:
who - para personas. (significa ‘que’)
which - para cosas y animales. (significa ‘que’)
that - para personas, cosas y animales. (significa ‘que’)
whose - para posesión (significa ‘cuyo, a, os, as’ o coloquialmente - ‘que su’)

Los pronombres relativos tienen dos funciones.
1. Actúan como sujeto o objeto del verbo en la oración relativo.
2. Unen las dosoraciones.
A. Como Sujeto Ejemplos:-
1. That is the man. He lives in that house.

That is the man who lives in that house. ("who" reemplaza "he")

2. This is the new car. The car cost a lot of money.

This is the new car which cost a lot of money. ("which" reemplaza "The car".)

3. I don't know the boy. His father is the director.

I don't know the boywhose father is the director. ("whose" reemplaza "his")

Ejercicio 1 Une las frases usando el pronombre correcto y quitando el sujeto de la segunda frase.
1. That man is the thief. He broke into Tom's shop last night.

2. I'm looking for a book. It was on the shelf yesterday.

3. Coats and jackets are clothes. They keep us warm.

4. That's the shop assistant. Her husband is an Olympicmedallist.

5. Charles Dickens was an English novelist. He wrote books like "David Copperfield".

6. That woman has got two children. Their names are David and Jason.

7. Foxes and squirrels are animals. They live in the countryside in England.

8. I've got a machine. It makes holes in paper.

9. John is a friend of mine. John's house is for sale at the moment.

10. Henry theEighth was a king of England. He had six wives.

Ejercicio 2 Completa estas frases rellenando los huecos con "who", "which" o "whose".
1. Penguins are birds ...................................... cannot fly.
2. Zoe is the girl ............................... comes from Greece.
3. What's the name of the man ............................... invented dynamite ?
4. That's the woman................................. daughter is a model.
5. A thermometer is an instrument .................................. measures temperature.
6. These are the shoes ......................................... cost me over a hundred pounds.
7. The film is about a man ......................................... wife is crazy.
8. This is the photo ................................... won first prize inthe competition.
9. Those are the people ............................... want to buy my business.
10. That man has got a stamp ................................ is worth a million pounds.

B. Como objeto
Cuando el pronombre relativo es el objeto del verbo en la oración relativo, se puede omitir, siempre que dicho verbo tiene un sujeto. [Hay que llevar cuidado cuando se trata de traducirdel castellano, ya que el verbo de la oración relativo puede tener un sujeto omitido que es necesario poner en inglés.] Compara los siguientes ejemplos con los del apartado A.

Ejemplos :-
That is the man. I saw him in the shop.

That is the man I saw in the shop. [ That is the man who I saw in the shop. ]

This is the new car. I bought it last month.

This is the new car Ibought last month. [This is the new car which I bought last month.]

Ejercicio 3 :- Une las siguientes frases fijándote si el pronombre relativo reemplaza al sujeto o el objeto de la oración relativo. Si es posible omite el pronombre relativo.
1. That is the new shop. It has got a lot of good quality clothing.

2. These are our friends. They are interested in buying your caravan....