The Causes And Dynamics Of Social Exclusion Among Immigrants In Europe

THE CAUSES AND DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL EXCLUSION AMONG IMMIGRANTS IN EUROPE Analysis of three cases: Denmark, Italy and Spain

Co-financed by the European Commission DG for Employment and Social Affairs

THE CAUSES AND DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL EXCLUSION AMONG IMMIGRANTS IN EUROPE
Analysis of three cases: Denmark, Italy and Spain

Centre d’Estudis Africans (CEA) – Non Governmental Organisation Marede Déu del Pilar 15 Pral – 08003 Barcelona, Spain Tel. +3 4 . 9 3 3 1 9 4 0 0 8 – F a x + 3 4 . 9 3 3 1 9 4 0 0 8 Cooperazione Internazionale (COOPI) – Non Governmental Organisation Via Francesco De Lemene – 20151 Milan, Italy Tel. +39.02.3085057 – F a x + 3 9 . 0 2 . 3 3 4 0 3 5 7 0 El Sur – Piccola Società Cooperativa a responsabilità limitata V i a Nazionale Appia 151 – 81022 Casagiove (CS),Italy Tel. +39.081.2535823 – F a x + 3 9 . 0 8 1 . 2 5 3 5 8 4 9 Federico Caffè Centre – Dept. Of Social Sciences, Roskilde University Universitetsvej 1. – D K - 4000 Roskilde, Denmark Tel. +45.46742162 – Fax +45.46743083 punto.sud – Non Profit Organisation Via Angera 3 – 20125 Milan, Italy Tel. +39.02.67574344/5 – Fax ++39.02.7003654 Training, Education and Development (TED) – Non ProfitOrganisation Sankt Jørgensej 23 – D K - 4000 Roskilde, Denmark T e l . + 4 5 . 4 6 7 4 2 1 6 2 – Fax +45.4674 3 0 8 3

Co-Financed by European Commission – DG for Employment and Social Affairs* under the Call for proposal VP/2001/014 - for preparatory actions to combat and prevent social exclusion (under 2001 Budget Line B3 - 4105). Project Title The causes and dynamics of social exclusion amongimmigrants in Europe. Analysis of three cases: Denmark, Italy and Spain (VS/2001/0704). Book and cover design Fabrizio Alberizzi Luis Sessa Translation and editorial assistance Bø Bogeskov, Denmark Alberto Riva, Italy Leonora Saavedra, Spain Editorial Printed in Varese, Italy, on February 2003 by Editore Stampa Natura e Solidarietà Via Angera 3 – 20125 Milan, Italy Tel +39.02.67574301 – Fax+39.02.67574322 E-mail: stampanatura@consumietici.it All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the organisations involved or as expressly permitted by law.
*

The content of this report do not reflect the viewpoint of the European Union but exclusively the opinion of theauthors.

INDEX

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………

9

PART I The social exclusion of immigrants: theoretical and methodological premise……………………………………………………………………………………………… 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. On the concept of exclusion…………………………………… Integration of immigrants or integrated society…… Factors of exclusion………………………………………………… Born poor? Poverty as a process……………………………. Amethodology for the reconstruction and study of exclusion processes: life course analysis………………. Choice of subjects, structure and method of interview…………………………………………………………………. 19 21 24 25 30 32 34

PART II National cases…………………………………………………………………………………… 2.1. The Italian case………………………………………………………. 2.1.1. The size and features of the immigrant population in Italy………………………………………………………………………
(Thestatistical sources and the number of immigrants in Italy; Demographical profile and most common nationalities of immigrants in Italy; Duration and reasons of the immigrant presence in Italy; The inclusion of immigrants in the Italian labour market; Laws regulating the immigrant presence in Italy)

41 43

43

The case of Naples…………………………………………………. 2.1.2. The reconstruction and analysis of theexclusion paths of immigrants in Naples………………………………..
(Profiles of immigrants interviewed; The living conditions of the immigrants; The trajectories of impoverishment and exclusion among the immigrants; Social networks and forms of assistance)

57

42

2.1.3.

Effects of policies on exclusion trajectories in Naples………………………………………………………………………
(The implementation of policies regarding...