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Publicado: 5 de abril de 2011
Abraham Maslow
hierarchy of need theory
Abraham Maslow first began to be interested in Psychology at the University of Wisconsin and was awarded junior and senior degrees to PhD level therebetween 1930 and 1934. During these years he was greatly influenced by the work of Harry Harlow who was experimenting with the attachment behaviour of juvenile Rhesus monkeys.
What we now know asthe Abraham Maslow hierarchy of need theory dates, in its initial conception, from circa 1943. This concept is applied to Human Beings and suggests that basic needs takes precedence but, once these aremet, other need come to the fore in people's lives.
The most basic need is related to physiological survival - air to breate, water to drink, food to eat and sex to procreate.
Next in orderof precedence comes a set of needs for such things as safety and security.
Once an individual has taken care of his or her basic physiological needs and feels safe and secure some degree of needfor love and belonging may well rise to the forefront of their concerns.
Need for the respect of our fellow's, and for self-respect, are seen as being next in order of precedence.
Maslowreferred to the four levels of need already mentioned as deficit needs, or D-needs. If you don’t have enough of something -- i.e. you have a deficit -- you feel the need. Maslow saw all these needs asessentially survival needs. Even love and esteem are needed for the maintenance of health.
The last level of the pyramid is a bit different. Maslow used a variety of terms to refer to this level:-growth motivation (in contrast to deficit motivation), being needs (or B-needs, in contrast to D-needs), and self-actualization.
The remaining layer of need is different in that it is seen asbeing intimately related to the self-actualization of the individual. People might have enough of food, security, belonging and respect but!!! enough of self-actualization is harder to attain.
In...
hierarchy of need theory
Abraham Maslow first began to be interested in Psychology at the University of Wisconsin and was awarded junior and senior degrees to PhD level therebetween 1930 and 1934. During these years he was greatly influenced by the work of Harry Harlow who was experimenting with the attachment behaviour of juvenile Rhesus monkeys.
What we now know asthe Abraham Maslow hierarchy of need theory dates, in its initial conception, from circa 1943. This concept is applied to Human Beings and suggests that basic needs takes precedence but, once these aremet, other need come to the fore in people's lives.
The most basic need is related to physiological survival - air to breate, water to drink, food to eat and sex to procreate.
Next in orderof precedence comes a set of needs for such things as safety and security.
Once an individual has taken care of his or her basic physiological needs and feels safe and secure some degree of needfor love and belonging may well rise to the forefront of their concerns.
Need for the respect of our fellow's, and for self-respect, are seen as being next in order of precedence.
Maslowreferred to the four levels of need already mentioned as deficit needs, or D-needs. If you don’t have enough of something -- i.e. you have a deficit -- you feel the need. Maslow saw all these needs asessentially survival needs. Even love and esteem are needed for the maintenance of health.
The last level of the pyramid is a bit different. Maslow used a variety of terms to refer to this level:-growth motivation (in contrast to deficit motivation), being needs (or B-needs, in contrast to D-needs), and self-actualization.
The remaining layer of need is different in that it is seen asbeing intimately related to the self-actualization of the individual. People might have enough of food, security, belonging and respect but!!! enough of self-actualization is harder to attain.
In...
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