Astm d2419 -09

Designation: D2419 – 09

Standard Test Method for

Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine Aggregate1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope 1.1 This test method is intended to serve as a rapid fieldcorrelation test. The purpose of this test method is to indicate, under standard conditions, the relative proportions of clay-like or plastic fines and dust in granular soils andfine aggregates that pass the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve. The term “sand equivalent” expresses the concept that most granular soils and fine aggregates are mixtures of desirable coarse particles, sand, and generally undesirable clay or plastic fines and dust.
NOTE 1—Some agencies perform the test on material with a top size smaller than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve. This is done to avoid trapping the clay-likeor plastic fines and dust below flaky shaped 4.75 to 2.36 mm (No. 4 to 8) sized particles. Testing smaller top sized material may lower the numerical results of the test.

1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.2.1Regarding sieves, per Specification E11 Section 1.2, “the values stated in SI units shall be considered standard for the dimensions of the wire cloth openings and the diameter of the wires used in the wire cloth. The values stated in inchpound units shall be considered standard with regard to the sieve frames.” When sieve mesh sizes are referenced, the alternate inch-pound designations are providedfor information purposes and enclosed in parentheses. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:2 C670 Practicefor Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road andPaving Materials E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves 2.2 AASHTO Standard: T 176 Standard Method of Test for Plastic Fines in Graded Aggregates and Soils by Use of Sand Equivalent Test3 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 fine aggregate—aggregate passing the 9.5-mm (3⁄8-in.) sieve and almost entirely passing the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve and predominantly retained on the75-µm (No. 200) sieve (see Terminology D8). 3.1.2 sand equivalent—a measure of the amount of silt or clay contamination in the fine aggregate (or soil) as determined by test (see Terminology D653). (For further explanation, see Summary of Test Method and Significance and Use.) 3.1.3 soil—sediments or other unconsolidated accumulations of solid particles produced by the physical and chemical
2 Forreferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 3 Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,...