automation, ingles y español



AUTOMATION

The term «automation» comes from automatic production and has been applied to various manufacturing areas. These areas, which have mostly remained independent of each other, referto:
1. Production systems where materials are moved through the steps needed for an industrial process with little or no human assistance.
2. Control systems that automatically maintain theperformance of a process within the desired limits. In these systems, sensor devices pick up the relevant parameters describing the process and that information is used to feed the appropriate control actionsto the machinery.
3. Data processing systems where information is stored, selected and logically or mathematically processed so as to increase the efficiency of a manufacturing process over itsdifferent phases: design, prototyping, implementation, testing, etc.
Automation in the factory may be carried out in two ways: as a fully continuous process or in batches. The first one is mainly foundin chemical, paper and power industries where continuous production is required. The second one is commonly used in manufacturing industries, such as car factories, and it is usually identified withrobotics.
Due to the widespread introduction of microcomputers and the improvements of the price performance ratio of minicomputers, automation has largely extended its field of application andconsequently the concept of automation has increased its complexity. Fashionable acronyms such as CAD (computer aided design) and CAM (computer aided manufacturing) integrate through a computer systemseveral of the automation concepts above described. The usage of CAD/CAM techniques brings nearer the goal of achieving a fully automatic production process, known as CIM (computer-integratedmanufacturing).
AUTOMATIZACIÓN

El término «automatización» viene de la producción automática y se ha aplicado a varias áreas de fabricación. Estas áreas, que en su mayoría se han mantenido independientes...