Biodisel -coceptos básicos

July 2004

•

NREL/SR-510-36244

Biodiesel Production Technology
August 2002–January 2004

J. Van Gerpen, B. Shanks, and R. Pruszko
Iowa State University

D. Clements
Renewable Products Development Laboratory

G. Knothe
USDA/NCAUR

National Renewable Energy Laboratory
1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office ofEnergy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337

July 2004

•

NREL/SR-510-36244

Biodiesel Production Technology
August 2002–January 2004

J. Van Gerpen, B.Shanks, and R. Pruszko
Iowa State University

D. Clements
Renewable Products Development Laboratory

G. Knothe
USDA/NCAUR

NREL Technical Monitor: K. Shaine Tyson
Prepared underSubcontract No. ACO-2-35016-01

National Renewable Energy Laboratory
1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337

NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of theUnited States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein toany specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof.Available electronically at http://www.osti.gov/bridge Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email: mailto:reports@adonis.osti.gov Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: U.S. Department ofCommerce National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 phone: 800.553.6847 fax: 703.605.6900 email: orders@ntis.fedworld.gov online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm This publication received minimal editorial review at NREL

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Biodiesel Production TechnologyBackground
1. Basics of Biodiesel Production ................................................................................................................. 1 2. Basic Organic Chemistry .......................................................................................................................... 7 3. Biodiesel Specifications and Properties.................................................................................................. 22

Biodiesel Production Processes
4. Types of Biodiesel Production Processes ............................................................................................... 30 Laboratory - Exercise 1.................................................................................................................. 41 5. Basic Plant Equipment andOperation ................................................................................................... 43 6. Chemical Plant Controls ......................................................................................................................... 48 7. Pretreatment of High Free Fatty Acid Feedstocks .................................................................................. 52 8....