Bloques Nutricionales

Introduction
The tropical cattle production is based on dual-purpose forage. Forages tropical are subjected to radiant heat load, which is characteristic special structural and physiological plant more complex than those grow in temperate climates. These plants are characterized by a growth in general explosive during the rainy season, and almost completely none during the drought period. Thiscauses the production of fodder to be variable, producing surpluses during the rainy season and deficiencies during drought; the result is a food with high fiber content and low levels of protein, These factors limiting consumption and digestibility. Pasture consumption by ruminants varies with supply and quality forage, but is always lower in tropical conditions when compared with consumption oftemperate grasses. The most important limiting fodder consumption is the imbalance of nutrients, and when this imbalance corrected, is this the low digestibility, which is manifested by the inefficient microbial growth, which require a more or less constant level of ammonia concentration. When providing nitrogen supplements, animals increase dry matter intake and digestibility of hay dry matterincreases up to 20%. In ruminants, unlike non-ruminants, there is an advantage to supplement non-protein nitrogen (NPN), especially urea, which increases utilization of forages. Although this seems a simple operation entails certain risks of poisoning of animals, which can be overcome using multinutrient blocks, which allow a release of the urea slowly but steadily.

objectives

know about blocksmultinutritional
understand the procedure pra make blocks
learn more about blocks for cattle

MULTINUTRIENT BLOCKS
Multinutrient blocks (BM) is a technology for manufacturing and solid foods that contain a high concentration of energy, protein and minerals, mainly. They are made using urea, molasses and solidifying agent. In additionally, may include mineral salt and a flour which providesenergy. Generally, the use of BM has been shaped as a strategic supply during the dry season, are weatherproof and is slowly consumed by ensuring metered consumption of urea. The blocks can be made with a variety of ingredients, depending supply on the farm, in the market, ease to acquire and nutritional value thereof. Different tests have been performed to determine the quantity optimum of eachingredient to produce high quality nutritional BM. in the Table 1 shows an example of different proportions of ingredients that can be integrated.

Manufacturing. The manufacture of multinutrient blocks is easy and quick. Must be sought in advance the materials needed to prepare: a barrel metal 200 liter capacity, opened longitudinally welded by ends to form a trough, which legs are placed to givea comfortable height for work, plastic molds (19 liter kegs or resistant container); wooden mallet for compacting, and the ingredients to be used. Is performed according to the following steps: Heavy ingredients. The ingredients are weighed according to the formula
to be employed. Mixing of the ingredients. Molasses is placed in the pan and then add all Salts salt, urea and minerals anduniformly mixed. Immediately or added starches (corn, bran, etc.) until a uniform mixture. Add the lime. To the above mixture opens a furrow through the middle, bringing closer the mixture to the edges of the tray, is placed in the groove carefully lime (up much dust), and begins to mix bringing closer to one end of the trough. Then crosscut mixing goes toward the other end of the trough to achievemaximum uniformity of the mixture. The grass or bagasse will look at adding dry if the mixture is still wet, if we look too dry add the grass or moistened bagasse: We should never add water to the mix. Shaping multinutrient blocks. When the mixture reaches a point of uniformity and consistency we can push a little on the fist and the ball is made without falling apart, we proceed to place a thin layer...