Como Hacer Un Claper (Electrónica)

SOUND ACTIVATED SWITCH KIT
MODEL K-36

Assembly and Instruction Manual

PARTS LIST
If any parts are missing or damaged, see instructor or bookstore. DO NOT contact your place of purchase as they will not be able to help you. Contact Elenco Electronics (address/phone/e-mail is at the back of this manual) for additional assistance, if needed.

RESISTORS
Qty. 1 3 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 Qty. 4 2 21 1 Qty. 1 1 1 1 1 Qty. 1 1 1 1 2 Symbol R17 R1, R5, R16 R3 R4, R10, R12, R14 R2, R6, R9, R13 R7 R15 R11 R8 P1 Symbol C5, C6, C8, C9 C1, C3 C2, C4 C7 C10 Symbol Q1 Q2 U2 U1 LED Symbol MIC Value 4.7kΩ 5% 1/4W 10kΩ 5% 1/4W 22kΩ 5% 1/4W 100kΩ 5% 1/4W 220kΩ 5% 1/4W 270kΩ 5% 1/4W 330kΩ 5% 1/4W 1MΩ 5% 1/4W 4.7MΩ 5% 1/4W 100kΩ Trim Pot Value .001µF (102) .01µF (103) .1µF (104) 1µF 100µF Value 2N3904MPS6531 4001 4011 Color Code yellow-violet-red-gold brown-black-orange-gold red-red-orange-gold brown-black-yellow-gold red-red-yellow-gold red-violet-yellow-gold orange-orange-yellow-gold brown-black-green-gold yellow-violet-green-gold Part # 144700 151000 152200 161000 162200 162700 163300 171000 174700 191611 Part # 231036 241031 251010 261047 281044 Part # 323904 326531 334001 334011 350002 Part# 518036 551124 568000 590098 664014

CAPACITORS
Description Discap Discap Discap Electrolytic (Lytic) Electrolytic (Lytic)

SEMICONDUCTORS
Description Transistor Transistor Integrated Circuit Integrated Circuit LED Red

MISCELLANEOUS
Description PC Board Solder Microphone Battery Snap 9V IC Socket 14-pin

PARTS IDENTIFICATION
LED Transistor Capacitors Potentiometer MicrophoneElectrolytic

Discap

Resistor

IC Socket

Integrated Circuit

Battery Snap

-1-

IDENTIFYING RESISTOR VALUES
Use the following information as a guide in properly identifying the value of resistors.

IDENTIFYING CAPACITOR VALUES

Capacitors will be identified by their capacitance value in pF (picofarads), nF (nanofarads), or µF (microfarads). Most capacitors will have their actualvalue printed on them. Some capacitors may have their value printed in the following manner. The maximum operating voltage may also be printed on the capacitor.

Second Digit First Digit

Multiplier

Multiplier

For the No. Multiply By
10µF 16V

0 1

1 10

2 100

3 1k

4

5

8

9 0.1

103K
100V

10k 100k .01

Tolerance* Maximum Working Voltage

Note: The letter “R”may be used at times to signify a decimal point; as in 3R3 = 3.3

* The letter M indicates a tolerance of +20% The value is 10 x 1,000 = 10,000pF or .01µF 100V
The letter K indicates a tolerance of +10% The letter J indicates a tolerance of +5%

INTRODUCTION
Just clap your hands together twice and watch the Sound Activated Switch turn on the light emitting diode (LED). Clap twice more andwatch the LED turn off.

THEORY OF OPERATION
Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the Sound Activated Switch. It consists of a transistor amplifier, a transistor switch and two types of digital circuits, a one-shot and a flip-flop.

TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER

ONE-SHOT Figure 1

FLIP-FLOP

TRANSISTOR SWITCH

THE TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER
A waveform is created when hands are clapped together. TheMIC senses this waveform and couples it to the base of Q1 by capacitor C1 (refer to schematic diagram). The transistor is configured as a common emitter amplifier since the AC signal is bypassed to ground by capacitor C2. The transistor amplifier is set for a gain of 50, so the waveform is amplified 50 times. Capacitor C3 couples the amplified waveform to the input of the first digital circuit.SENSITIVITY
The potentiometer, P1, adjusts the sensitivity of the Sound Activated Switch. Varying the resistance of P1 will vary the DC voltage at the input of the first one-shot. Rotating P1 counter-clockwise causes the voltage at the input of the first one-shot to increase. This means that a louder clap is required to activate the first one-shot, making the Sound Activated Switch less...