Confucio

Confucius (Chinese simplified and traditional: 孔子, pinyin: kǒngzǐ, Wade-Giles: K'ung-fu-tzu, literally “Masterful Kong”) (traditionally 28 of September of 551 a. Cs. - 479 a. C.) was Chinese thinking recognizing whose doctrine receives the confucianismo name. Coming from a ruined noble family, throughout his life it alternated periods in which it exerted like teacher with others in which itserved like civil servant of the small state of Lu, in the northeast of China, during the time of fragmentation of the power under the Chu dynasty.


It was born in the town of Qufu in the old country of Lu, present province of Shandong, in a family of landowners noble, the clan of the Kong. His father died when Confucius was three years old and left to the family in the poverty. Confucius, in spiteof it, received a careful education.

Being still young, he worked for the administration of the State of Lu. Its first work was in the state barns and got to reach the rank of Minister of Justice. It resigned from the position years later, since it was not in agreement with the policy that followed the prince.

One of its great influences was Zi Zhaan, prime minister of Cheng, thatintroduced the first legal code in China. Also it influenced in Confucius the skepticism of his time as for the religion, because of to have undergone many wars the faith in the Gods was had lost.

The 50 years it began his lessons. It only traveled from a side to another one instructing counted the disciples who met around him. Its fame like man of knowing and character, with great veneration towardsthe traditional ideas and customs, soon propagated by the principality of Lu, and soon to all China.

From the dynasty They have, diverse emperors were inspired by the work of Confucius to organize the Chinese society. In the later centuries their lessons exerted a powerful influence in the Chinese philosophy and the history of China.

During second half of the time at which China was governedby the Zhou dynasty, before Confucius, the central government underwent a process of degeneration and decay, and the costumary intrigues and the relaxation became general. Confucius lamented the disorder characteristic of those times, as well as the absence of models morals that reverted such situation. For this reason, he reached the conclusion that the unique remedy was to recover and to spreadbetween the population the principles and rules of the wise people of the antiquity. For this reason he instructed to his students in the classic ones of Chinese Literature. Also he emphasized the importance of the Chinese music, that then had ceremonial and religious functions in the practices of the State and the cult. He advocated the great value of the power of the example. The governors, said,they only can be great if they take exemplary lives and morals are guided by principles. Of this form, the citizens of their states would have the necessary stimulus to reach the prosperity and the happiness.

A popular tradition on its life establishes that to the 50 years of age it became magistrate of Zhongdu and a year later was named to exert in Lu a position equivalent to the one ofminister of Justice. Confucius would have settled down numerous reforms that lead to an administration of justice characterized by their impartiality and to the practical eradication of the crime. Lu got to be so powerful that the governor of a neighboring state intrigued to secure the destitution of the minister. It is more probable, nevertheless, that only outside a smaller civil servant. In anycase, Confucius left his position in the 496 a. C. and was dedicated to travel by different territories distributing classes in vain and hoping that some other prince allowed him to undertake reforms. In year 484 a. C., after its search of an ideal governor was revealed completely unfruitful, returned for the last time to Lu. It passed the rest of his life writing commentaries over the classic...