Curso de lenguaje ensamblador

Assembly Language
W.P.fang

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Reference
• Ytha Yu, Charles Marut, Assembly Language Programming and Organziation of the IBM PC

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requirement
• • • • Exercise+ Program homework 40% Midterm examination 30% Final examination 30% Ps:
– Cheat and late hand out is notacceptable

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Outline
• Microcomputer Systems • Representation of Numbers and Characters • Organization of the IBM Personal Computers • Introduction to IBM PC Assembly Language • The Processor Status and the FLAGS Register
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Outline
• • • • • • • Flow Control Instructions Logic,Shift, ad Rotate Instructions The Stack and Introduction to Procedures Multiplication and Division Instructions Arrays and Addressing Modes The String Instructions Text Display and Keyboard Programming
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Outline
• • • • • • • • Macros Memory Management BIOS and DOS Interrupt Color Graphics Recursion Advanced Arithmetic Disk and FileOperations Intel’ Advanced Microprocessors6 s
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schdular
¤é´Á 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ¶i«× ³Æµù

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schdular
¤é´Á 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 ¶i«× ³Æµù

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Microcomputer Systems

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Microcomputer Systems
• Overview
– Introduction to the architeture of microcomputers in general and to the IBM PC in particular.

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Microcomputer System (component)
• The components o a microcomputer system
– – – – System unit Keyboard display screen Disk drives

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Microcomputer System (component)
• Computer circuits
– Central processing unit (CPU) – I/O circuits

• Microcomputer
– CPU is a single-chip processor (microprocessor)

• System board
– Microprocessor and memorycircuirs
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Microcomputer System (component)
• Bytes – eight bits • Address – identified by a number •Content– the data stored in a memory byte.
Address : 3 2 1 0 content : 01100001 01011110 00000000 01101110

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Microcomputer System (component)
• Example 1.1 Suppose a processor uses 20 bits for an address. How many memory bytes can be accessed?

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Microcomputer System(component)
• Word – typical microcomputer, two bytes form a word • Bit position
Byte bit position 7 Word bit position 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

High byte

Low byte

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Microcomputer system (component)
• RAM and ROM • Bus

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Microcomputersystem (component)
• In any case, each instruction that the CPU executes is a bit string • This language of 0’ and 1’ is called machine s s language • The instructions performed by a CPU are called instruction set. • The instruction set for each CPU is unique. • To keep the cost of computers down, machine language instructions are designed to be simple
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Microcomputer system (component)
• EU (Execution Unit)
– Arithmetic
• +-*/

– Logic unit
• AND, OR, NOT

– Registers
• AX,BX,CXDX,SI,DI,BP,SP

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Microcomputer system (component)
• EIU ( Bus Interface Unit)
– Communication between the EU and the memory or I/O circuits – Registers
• CS,DS,ES,SS,IP

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