Examen de secundaria

NEW CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES IN PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA

FOREWORD

The knowledge base of some subspecialty areas within anesthesia is dynamic and therefore requires frequent educational attention. The table of contents in this issue of Anesthesiology Clinics of North America well illustrates the dynamic nature of pediatric anesthesia knowledge and practice. The intent of this issue is tosubstantially help the reader stay abreast of, and keep up with, this dynamically changing subspecialty area. New Concepts and Techniques in Pediatric Anesthesia is guest edited by two well qualified individuals. Dr. Linda Mason is a Professor of Anesthesiology at Loma Linda University. Dr. Mason has special qualifications in critical care, has been a Director of a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Presidentof Loma Linda University Medical staff, Chair of the Medical Staff Executive and Quality Improvement Committees and the Anesthesia Department Residency Committee. Dr. Mason is a very highly recruited and valued teacher and lecturer on a national basis. Her broad interests and capabilities are very well reflected in the breath of the table of contents. Dr. Michelle Kim is an Assistant Professor ofAnesthesiology at Loma Linda University Medical Center and is fresh out of a fellowship at the Children’s National Medical Center in Washington, DC. As such, the ‘‘New’’ in the title of this issue of Anesthesiology Clinics is well guaranteed by Dr. Kim’s participation in the editorship. Together, Dr. Mason and Dr. Kim have well met the challenge of bringing New Concepts and Techniques in PediatricAnesthesia to the reader in a most relevant and learnable manner. JONATHAN L. BENUMOF, MD Consulting Editor

Department of Anesthesiology University of California San Diego Medical Center San Diego, CA 92103–1081

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NEW CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES IN PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA

PREFACE

Linda J. Mason, MD,

Michelle S. Kim, MD Guest Editors

New Concepts and Techniques in PediatricAnesthesia is an issue that will provide the reader with advances that have been made in multiple fields of pediatric anesthesia, including safety, pain management, psychologic preparation, and anesthetic techniques. So many times we who anesthetize children feel that pharmaceutical products, new techniques, and procedures are tested in the adult population first; therefore, specific guidelines for pediatricuse are lacking or delayed. In this issue, however, we hope the reader discovers that information and guidelines also are available for these advances in pediatric patients. It is imperative that anesthesiologists become familiar with disease processes and differences in response to medications caused by the patient’s age. Anesthesia for pediatric patients undergoing innovative procedures in thearea of thoracic or neurosurgery requires special attention to the unique physiologic and anatomic differences seen in pediatric patients as opposed to adults. Regional anesthesia and analgesia discussions also provide information about new products, techniques, and safety. An important section in this issue covers anesthesia outside the traditional operating room in remote and office-basedsettings. As our role expands with providing anesthesia services throughout the hospital, it is paramount that we become leaders in structuring guidelines for safe sedation in pediatric patients in all areas. When dealing with minors, ethical dilemmas can arise involving parental and minor rights, and ways of resolving these issues are reviewed. Finally, it is hoped that the article on Anesthesia forFetal Surgery will stimulate the reader’s imagination about life saving procedures for correction of congenital malformations that involve anesthesia for the fetus and mother. This article heralds new innovative procedures that in the future will further challenge us as anesthesiologists. We would like to thank the authors and co-authors for their contributions in their field of expertise and their...