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Conclusion: Separation of a Mixture Lab
This lab dealt with the separation of components of a mixture. The purpose of the lab is to become familiar with the methods of separating substancesfrom one another using decantation, extraction, and sublimation techniques. Mixtures occur in everyday life in materials that are not uniform in composition. These mixtures are said to be impure orheterogeneous. Mixtures result when two or more substances that do not react chemically are combined. The two fundamental properties of mixtures are: each of the substances in the mixture retains itschemical integrity and mixtures are separable into their components by physical means. A heterogeneous mixture is not uniform throughout. An impure substance is a mixture with one substance in it that farexceeds the amounts of the other substances in the mixture. Therefore, the mixture is called an impure substance and the other substances in the mixture are referred to as impurities. In this lab, agiven mixture was composed of certain unrevealed concentrations of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), sodium chloride (NaCl), and silicon dioxide (SiO2).
The separation of the components of mixtures isbased upon the fact that each component of the mixture has different physical properties. The components of the mixtures are either compounds or elements. Therefore, the components are always puresubstances. Each pure substance has a unique set of properties. Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, the properties of every sample of a pure substance are identical. Every crystal ofa pure substance melts at a specific temperature, while every substance at a given pressure boils at a specific temperature. In the lab, it was determined that NH4Cl can be sublimed form the mixturewithout having an effect on the other substances. It was also realized that NaCl is water soluble, while SiO2 is not water soluble. Since the SiO2 is not water soluble, is would remain after the...