Marketing

Marketing



Investigation
1. What is the history of the marketing?
Much of traditional marketing practice prior to the twentieth century remained hidebound by rules-of-thumb and lack ofinformation. Information technology, especially since the mid-twentieth century, has given the marketeer new channels of communication as well as enhanced means of aggregating and analyzing marketingdata. Specializations have emerged (especially sales versus marketing and advertising versus retailing) and re-combined (business development) over the years.
The study of the history of marketing asan academic field emerged only recently.[when?] Controversies and disputes abound in the field.[citation needed] The publication in 1976 of the book The History of Marketing Thought, by RobertBartels marks a turning-point  in marketing thought. Since then, academics specializing in marketing decided to imitate economics, distinguishing theory and practice.

2. What is marketing definition?The management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. As a practice, it consists in coordination of four elements called 4P's: (1) identification, selection,and development of a product, (2) determination of its price, (3) selection of a distribution channel to reach the customer's place, and (4) development and implementation of a promotional strategy.
As aphilosophy, marketing is based on thinking about the business in terms of customer needs and their satisfaction. Marketing differs from selling because (in the words of Harvard Business School's emeritusprofessor of marketing Theodore C. Levitt) "Selling concerns itself with the tricks and techniques of getting people to exchange their cash for your product. It is not concerned with the values thatthe exchange is all about. And it does not, as marketing invariably does, view the entire business process as consisting of a tightly integrated effort to discover, create, arouse, and satisfy...