Nutriciom

Essential Grammar in Use
Grammar reference
R AY M O N D M U R P H Y

Contents
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● I/me he/him they/them etc. 2 It’s mine/yours/hers etc. 2 am/is/are 3 a/an and the 4 flower(s) bus(es) (singular and plural) 4 a car / some money (countable/uncountable) I have … / I’ve got … 5 I am doing (present continuous) 6 I’m going to … 6 I do/work/like etc. (present simple) 7worked/got/went etc. (past simple) 8 old/nice/beautiful etc. (adjectives) 9 the oldest the most expensive 9 under behind between etc. (prepositions) up over under etc. (prepositions) 10 can 11 List of irregular verbs 12

5

10

For further practice: Essential Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises Helen Naylor with Raymond Murphy Essential Grammar in Use Cassette Set
Example sentences fromEssential Grammar in Use Raymond Murphy

© Cambridge University Press, 2000 Not for sale separately

I/me
People

he/him

they/them etc.

subject object

I me subject I we you he she they

we us

you you

he him object me us you him her them

she her

they them

I know Ann. We know Ann. You know Ann. He knows Ann. She knows Ann. They know Ann.

Ann knows me. Ann knowsus. Ann knows you. Ann knows him. Ann knows her. Ann knows them.

Things It’s nice. I like it. They’re nice. I like them.

subject object

it it

they them

Whose is this?
Mine Ours

It’s mine/yours/hers etc.
Yours His Hers Theirs

I we you he she they

→ → → → → →

my our your his her their

→ → → → → →

mine ours yours his hers theirs

It’s It’s It’s It’s It’s It’s

mymoney. our money. your money. his money. her money. their money.

It’s It’s It’s It’s It’s It’s

mine. ours. yours. his. hers. theirs.

am/is/are
My name is Lisa. I’m American. I’m from Chicago. I’m a student.n My father is a doctor and my mother is a journalist. I’m 22. I’m not married. My favourite colour is blue. My favourite sports are football and swimming.
LISA

I’m interested inart.

positive I he she it we you they             am (I’m) is (he’s) (she’s) (it’s)

negative I he she it we you they       am not is not (I’m not) (he’s not (she’s not (it’s not or he isn’t) or she isn’t) or it isn’t)

(we’re) are (you’re) (they’re)

are not

(we’re not or we aren’t) (you’re not or you aren’t) (they’re not or they aren’t)

positive I he she it weyou they ● ● ● ● ● am is

question am I?  he? is  she?  it?  we? are  you?  they

What’s your name? David. Are you married? No, I’m single. How old are you? 25. Are you a student? Yes, I am.

are

‘Am I late?’ ‘No, you’re on time.’ ‘Is your mother at home?’ ‘No, she’s out.’ ‘Are your parents at home?’ ‘No, they’re out.’ ‘Is it cold in your room?’ ‘Yes, a little.’ Your shoes are nice.Are they new?

[3]

a/an and the
a/an 1 2 3

the Can you open the window?

Can you open a window? There are three windows here. a window = window 1 or 2 or 3 ● I’ve got a car. (there are many cars and I’ve got one) ● Can I ask a question? (there are many questions – can I ask one?) ● Is there a hotel near here? (there are many hotels – is there one near here?) ● Paris is an interestingcity. (there are many interesting cities and Paris is one) There is only one window here – the window. ● I’m going to clean the car tomorrow. (= my car) ● Can you repeat the question, please? (= the question that you asked) ● We enjoyed our holiday. The hotel was very nice. (= our hotel) ● Paris is the capital of France. (there is only one capital of France)

flower(s)

bus(es) (singular andplural)

The plural of a noun is usually -s: singular (= one) → plural (= two or more) a flower → some flowers a week → two weeks a nice place → many nice places this shop → these shops Some plurals do not end in -s: this man → these men a woman → some women a child → many children

a flower

some flowers

one foot → two feet a tooth → all my teeth a mouse → some mice

that sheep → those...