Perú, hombre e historia

Paracas in Nazca: New Data on the Early Horizon Occupation of the Rio Grande de Nazca Drainage, Peru Helaine Silverman Latin American Antiquity, Vol. 5, No. 4. (Dec., 1994), pp. 359-382.
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PARACAS IN NAZCA: NEW DATA ON THE EARLY HORIZON OCCUPATION OF THE RIO GRANDE DE NAZCA DRAINAGE, PERU
Helaine Silverman
Nasca culture and, particularly, N m a ceramic iconography are held to evolve directly and smoothly out of antecedentParacas. Yet the data reviewed in this article indicate that Paracas remains in the Rio Grande de Nazca drainage, the heartland of Nasca culture on the south coast of Peru, are limited in nature, afact that makes it d&cult to derive Nasca from Paracas in Nazca. In contrast, there are rich and abundant Paracas remains in the Ica, Pisco, and Chincha valleys, at the Paracas type site itself;and alongthe Bahia de la Independencia. I look to the Ica Valleyfor the origins of the Nasca style. Es comlinpresumir que la cultura nasca,y sobre todola iconografla cerrimicanasca, evolucionarondirectamente y continuamente de antecedentes paracas. Pero 10s datos presentados en este articulo indican que 10s restos materialesparacas en la cuenca del Rio Grandede Nazca son muy limitados, aunquefuera tal zonael corazbn de la cultura nasca en la costa meridionaldel Peni. Por consiguiente,es difcil derivar m c a deparacas en Nazca. Por contraste, hay una riqueza y abundancia de restos paracas en 10s valles de Ica, Pisco y Chincha, en el sitio t$ico de Paracas mismo, y a la orilla de la Bahia de la Independencia. Miro a1 valle de Ica para encontrar el origen del estilo nasca.

This article examinesthe manifestation of Paracas culture in the Rio Grande de Nazca drainage on the south coast of Peru. Nasca culture (ca. 100 B.C.-A.D. 700) and iconography are held to have evolved directly and smoothly out of antecedent Paracas (ca. 700/500-100 B.C.), and it has long been assumed that the Rio Grande de Nazca drainage had a florescent manifestation of Paracas culture because Nazca is the heartland ofNasca culture (e.g., Menzel et al. 1964:2, 251; Strong 1957; Nasca refers to the archaeological culture, whereas Nazca refers to the geographic region). Yet the data reviewed herein indicate that in the Rio Grande de Nazca drainage Paracas pottery is limited in stylisticand temporal range, iconographically complex Early Horizon textiles are virtually unknown, and Paracas sites are sporadic inoccurrenceand quite unimpressive in nature. In contrast, there are rich and abundant Paracas remains to the north in the Ica, Pisco, and Chincha valleys, at the Paracas type site, and along the Bahia de la Independencia (see Canziani 1992; DeLeonardis 1991; Massey 1991; Menzel 1971; Peters 1987-1988; Tello 1959; Tello and Mejia Xesspe 1979; Wallace 1985). Inasmuch as Nasca is not the indigenous...