Perforacion bajo balance

Introduction to Underbalanced Drilling

By: Leading Edge Advantage Old Stoneywood Church Bankhead Road Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9HQ Telephone Fax Email Website 44-1224-716969 44-1224-712333 mailto:enq@lealtd.com www.lealtd.com

Leading Edge Advantage International Ltd 2002

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Rev 5

Table of Contents
1 2 3 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................ 4 WHAT IS UNDERBALANCED DRILLING? .......................................................................... 5 OBJECTIVES OF UNDERBALANCED DRILLING.............................................................. 7 3.1 3.2 4 5 4.1 MAXIMISING HYDROCARBON RECOVERY............................................................................... 8 DRILLING PROBLEMS .............................................................................................................. 8 BOTTOM HOLE PRESSURE REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................. 10

TECHNIQUE SELECTION OF UNDERBALANCED DRILLING .................................... 10 DRILLING FLUIDSYSTEMS................................................................................................. 11 5.1 GASEOUS & COMPRESSIBLE (TWO-PHASE) FLUIDS ............................................................... 11 5.1.1 Gaseous Fluids ............................................................................................................. 12 5.1.2 Mist Drilling................................................................................................................. 13 5.1.3 Foam drilling................................................................................................................ 13 5.1.4 Gasified Systems ........................................................................................................... 14 5.2 SINGLE PHASEFLUIDS............................................................................................................ 15 5.3 GAS LIFT SYSTEMS................................................................................................................. 15 5.3.1 Drillpipe injection......................................................................................................... 16 5.3.2 Annularinjection .......................................................................................................... 17 5.4 PARASITE STRING INJECTION ................................................................................................. 18

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RESERVOIR STUDIES ............................................................................................................19 SURFACE EQUIPMENT FOR UBD OPERATIONS ........................................................... 21 7.1 DRILLING SYSTEM ................................................................................................................. 21 7.1.1 Coiled Tubing V Jointed Pipe?..................................................................................... 22 7.2 GAS GENERATIONEQUIPMENT .............................................................................................. 22 7.2.1 Natural Gas .................................................................................................................. 22 7.2.2 Cryogenic Nitrogen ...................................................................................................... 22 7.2.3 NitrogenGeneration..................................................................................................... 23 7.3 WELL CONTROL EQUIPMENT ................................................................................................. 25 7.3.1 Jointed Pipe systems ..................................................................................................... 25 7.3.2 Coiled Tubing...